2. Palisadula Toyama 栅孔藓属 shan kong xian shu
Acta Phytotax. Geobot. 6: 169. 1937.
Plants small to medium-sized, yellowish green to brown, in dense mats, tightly attached to substrate. Stoloniferous stems present, prostrate, with much smaller leaves; secondary stems 2–6 cm long, with short, erect, often horizontally spreading branches; rhizoids papillose; pseudoparaphyllia foliose, with spinosely dentate margins; in cross section of stem, a central strand absent. Leaves of secondary stems and branches oblong-ovate, obovate to oblong-lanceolate, more or less concave, long and slenderly acuminate at the apex; margins plane, entire or crenulate; costae absent or indistinct; leaf cells narrowly rhomboidal to sublinear, smooth, thin-walled to moderately thick-walled, more or less porose; alar cells few, irregularly rectangular, hyaline, thin-walled, with a few, brown, more or less thick-walled cells above. Gemmae filamentous, papillose. Dioicous. Perigonia and perichaetia usually present on stoloniferous stems, rarely on secondary stems. Inner perichaetial leaves scarcely differentiated, margins distinctly serrate. Setae 8–12 mm long, smooth; capsules erect, oblong-ovoid, symmetric; opercula conic, long rostrate; stomata present at the neck; peristome double; exostome teeth narrowly lanceolate, hyaline, smooth, with large holes and palisade-like appendages on the dorsal surface; endostome rudimentary or absent. Calyptrae cucullate. Spores spherical, finely papillose.