18. Dicranum majus Smith 多蒴曲尾藓 duo-shuo qu-wei xian
Fl. Brit., p. 1202. 1804 (March); aslo Turn., Muscol. Hibern. Spic. 58. 1804 (April). Dicranum scoparium Hedw. var. majus (Turn.) Wahlenb., Fl. Carpat. Princ. 343. 1815. Type. England.
Dicranum delavayi Besch., Rev. Bryol. 18: 88. 1891, syn. nov. Type. China: Yunnan, between Ho-kin and Ta-li (Da-li), Delavay 1867 (holotype BM).
Plants large to robust, 5–8(–13) cm high, green or yellowish green, shiny, in loose tufts. Stems erect, or ascending, often branched, densely tomentose below. Leaves in several rows, falcate-secund when dry, erect-spreading when moist, lanceolate, 9–12 mm long, gradually narrowed to a long, subulate acumen; margins plane below, slightly incurved above, double-toothed above the middle; costa slender to rather stout, occupying ca. 1/10–1/5 the leaf base width, shortly excurrent, ending in a short hairpoint, serrate or ridged at back above; upper cells elongate, rectangular, incrassate, porose; basal cells long-rectangular, thick-walled, strongly porose, becoming more elongate at the margins; alar cells quadrate to short-rectangular, inflated, bi- to tristratose, pale brownish at the margins, hyaline within. Dioicous. Male plants dwarfed, located at the base of females. Perichaetial leaves sheathing at base, abruptly narrowed to a short hairpoint. Setae aggregated, 1–4 per perichaetium, 2.5–3.5 cm long, yellowish to yellowish brown, becoming reddish brown with age; capsules cylindric, 2–3 mm long, curved, inclined to horizontal, yellowish green to brownish, smooth or furrowed when dry and empty; opercula long-rostrate, 3.0–3.5 mm long; annuli none; peristome teeth dicranoid. Spores 14–33 µm in diameter, minutely papillose.