2. Symphyodon perrottetii Mont. 刺果藓 ci-guo xian
Ann. Sci. Nat. Bot., ser. 2, 16: 279, f. 17. 1841. Type. India: Nilghiri, Perrottet s.n. (holotype RO; isotypes BM, FH, G, NY).
Plants medium-sized to rather large, slender, to 10 cm long, yellowish green to brownish green or golden reddish, somewhat glossy. Stems elongate, pinnately to bipinnately branched. Leaves appressed, slightly dimorphic; stem leaves oblong-ovate to oblong-lanceolate, ca. 2.0 mm × 0.8 mm; apices broadly acuminate; margins serrate to serrulate; branch leaves smaller, sometimes more or less undulate when dry, oblong-oval to oblong-lanceolate, 1.1–1.3 mm × 0.35–0.45 mm; apices narrowly acuminate, often incurved on both sides at the apex; margins somewhat incurved, regularly serrate above the middle, serration formed by a row of enlarged cells, subentire below; all leaves with costae unequal, extending to 1/3–1/2 total leaf length; apical leaf cells not clearly shorter than the adjacent cells; median cells linear, 40–60 µm × 3–5 µm, faintly prorate on stem leaves, often clearly prorate on branch-leaves; alar cells differentiated, rectangular, thick-walled, of 3–5 rows extending 3–5 cells up the margins. Perichaetial leaves sheathing at the base, gradually or abruptly narrowed from the middle to a long acumen, cells thick-walled, strongly porose, 2–3-costate, costae extending to 1/4 total perichaetial leaf length. Setae 1.2–1.5 cm long, papillose distally, smooth proximally; capsules erect, cylindrical, nearly symmetric, 2.8–3.0 mm × 1.0–1.1 mm, densely echinate, spines to 75 µm long; exothecial cells oblong-rectangular, 90–100 µm × 17–18 µm; annuli differentiated, of 3–4 rows of small cells; opercula long conic-rostrate, ca. 1.6 mm long, sometimes echinate; exostome teeth ca. 0.4 mm long, smooth or papillose, the basal cells of outer plates separated by a weakly furrowed line; endostome segments reduced, 0.10–0.15 mm long, adnate to the exostome teeth at the base; basal membrane obscure. Spores ca. 17 µm in diameter, distinctly papillose.