Tropicos

Details

Check to show section

Group: Monocot Rank: species Herbarium Placement: Lehmann, lower, A, 19

Authors:

Walter, Thomas

Published In: Flora Caroliniana, secundum . . . 74. 1788. (Fl. Carol.)

Type-Protologue: Distribution: USA (South Carolina)

Type Specimens

NT: Wilbur H. Duncan 9468; 4 May 1949; USA: South Carolina: McCormick Co.: in open field of moist bottomland ca. 1 1/3 mi due N of Clark Hill Dam, elv. ca. 200 ft (US-2075588) NT designated by D.E. Anderson, Iowa State Journ. Sci. 36(1): 80 (1961)

Higher Taxa:

Taxonomy Browser
Concept: details

Projects: IPCN , Missouri , New World Grasses

Common Names:

Carolina canary grass (English, United States)
- Brako, L., A.Y. Rossman & D.F. Farr. 1995. Sci. Comm. Names 1–294.
May grass (English, United States)
- Brako, L., A.Y. Rossman & D.F. Farr. 1995. Sci. Comm. Names 1–294.

Keywords: AGF, GPR, IGS, US.TYPES, FNA
Images:

Berlandier - 208 - United States

Gregg - 454 - Mexico

Lindheimer - 105 - United States

Lindheimer - s.n. - United States

Palmer - 32 - Mexico

Schott - 19 - United States

Summers - 4903 - United States

Wright - 1966 - United States

Yatskievych - 94-50 - United States

Synonyms

Check to show section

Phalaris americana Elliott
- CONABIO. 2009. Catálogo taxonómico de especies de México. 1. In Capital Nat. México. CONABIO, Mexico City.
- Anderson, D.E. 1961. Taxonomy and distribution of the genus Phalaris. Iowa State Coll. J. Sci. 36(1): 1–96.
- Hitchcock, A. S. 1951. Man. Grasses U.S. (ed. 2) 1–1051. U.S. Department of Agriculture, Washington, D.C.
- Baldini, R. M. 1995. Revision of the genus Phalaris L. (Gramineae). Webbia 49(2): 265–329.
- Soreng, R. J. 2003. Phalaris. In Catalogue of New World Grasses (Poaceae): IV. Subfamily Pooideae. Contr. U.S. Natl. Herb. 48: 479–488.
- Espejo Serna, A., A. R. López-Ferrari & J. Valdés-Reyna. 2000. Poaceae. Monocot. Mexic. Sinopsis Floríst. 10: 7–236 [and index].
- Beetle, A.A. 1999. Gram. México 5: 1–466. Secretaria de Agricultura y Recursos Hidraulícos: COTECOCA, México.
- Soreng, R. J., G. Davidse, P. M. Peterson, F. O. Zuloaga, E. J. Judziewicz, T. S. Filgueiras & O. N. Morrone. 2003 and onwards. On-line taxonomic novelties and updates, distributional additions and corrections, and editorial changes since the four published volumes of the Catalogue of New World Grasses (Poaceae) published in Contr. U.S. Natl. Herb. vols. 39, 41, 46, and 48. http://www.tropicos.org/Project/CNWG:. In R. J. Soreng, G. Davidse, P. M. Peterson, F. O. Zuloaga, T. S. Filgueiras, E. J. Judziewicz & O. N. Morrone (eds.) Internet Cat. New World Grasses. Missouri Botanical Garden, St. Louis.
Phalaris intermedia Bosc ex Poir.
- CONABIO. 2009. Catálogo taxonómico de especies de México. 1. In Capital Nat. México. CONABIO, Mexico City.
- Soreng, R. J., G. Davidse, P. M. Peterson, F. O. Zuloaga, E. J. Judziewicz, T. S. Filgueiras & O. N. Morrone. 2003 and onwards. On-line taxonomic novelties and updates, distributional additions and corrections, and editorial changes since the four published volumes of the Catalogue of New World Grasses (Poaceae) published in Contr. U.S. Natl. Herb. vols. 39, 41, 46, and 48. http://www.tropicos.org/Project/CNWG:. In R. J. Soreng, G. Davidse, P. M. Peterson, F. O. Zuloaga, T. S. Filgueiras, E. J. Judziewicz & O. N. Morrone (eds.) Internet Cat. New World Grasses. Missouri Botanical Garden, St. Louis.
- Hitchcock, A. S. 1951. Man. Grasses U.S. (ed. 2) 1–1051. U.S. Department of Agriculture, Washington, D.C.
- Baldini, R. M. 1995. Revision of the genus Phalaris L. (Gramineae). Webbia 49(2): 265–329.
- Soreng, R. J. 2003. Phalaris. In Catalogue of New World Grasses (Poaceae): IV. Subfamily Pooideae. Contr. U.S. Natl. Herb. 48: 479–488.
- Espejo Serna, A., A. R. López-Ferrari & J. Valdés-Reyna. 2000. Poaceae. Monocot. Mexic. Sinopsis Floríst. 10: 7–236 [and index].
- Beetle, A.A. 1999. Gram. México 5: 1–466. Secretaria de Agricultura y Recursos Hidraulícos: COTECOCA, México.
Phalaris intermedia var. microstachya (DC.) Vasey
- Beetle, A.A. 1999. Gram. México 5: 1–466. Secretaria de Agricultura y Recursos Hidraulícos: COTECOCA, México.
- Anderson, D.E. 1961. Taxonomy and distribution of the genus Phalaris. Iowa State Coll. J. Sci. 36(1): 1–96.
- Baldini, R. M. 1995. Revision of the genus Phalaris L. (Gramineae). Webbia 49(2): 265–329.
- Soreng, R. J. 2003. Phalaris. In Catalogue of New World Grasses (Poaceae): IV. Subfamily Pooideae. Contr. U.S. Natl. Herb. 48: 479–488.
- CONABIO. 2009. Catálogo taxonómico de especies de México. 1. In Capital Nat. México. CONABIO, Mexico City.
- Soreng, R. J., G. Davidse, P. M. Peterson, F. O. Zuloaga, E. J. Judziewicz, T. S. Filgueiras & O. N. Morrone. 2003 and onwards. On-line taxonomic novelties and updates, distributional additions and corrections, and editorial changes since the four published volumes of the Catalogue of New World Grasses (Poaceae) published in Contr. U.S. Natl. Herb. vols. 39, 41, 46, and 48. http://www.tropicos.org/Project/CNWG:. In R. J. Soreng, G. Davidse, P. M. Peterson, F. O. Zuloaga, T. S. Filgueiras, E. J. Judziewicz & O. N. Morrone (eds.) Internet Cat. New World Grasses. Missouri Botanical Garden, St. Louis.
Phalaris intermedia var. microstachya (DC.) Vasey ex L.H. Dewey
- Soreng, R. J., G. Davidse, P. M. Peterson, F. O. Zuloaga, E. J. Judziewicz, T. S. Filgueiras & O. N. Morrone. 2003 and onwards. On-line taxonomic novelties and updates, distributional additions and corrections, and editorial changes since the four published volumes of the Catalogue of New World Grasses (Poaceae) published in Contr. U.S. Natl. Herb. vols. 39, 41, 46, and 48. http://www.tropicos.org/Project/CNWG:. In R. J. Soreng, G. Davidse, P. M. Peterson, F. O. Zuloaga, T. S. Filgueiras, E. J. Judziewicz & O. N. Morrone (eds.) Internet Cat. New World Grasses. Missouri Botanical Garden, St. Louis.
- Hitchcock, A. S. 1951. Man. Grasses U.S. (ed. 2) 1–1051. U.S. Department of Agriculture, Washington, D.C.
- Soreng, R. J. 2003. Phalaris. In Catalogue of New World Grasses (Poaceae): IV. Subfamily Pooideae. Contr. U.S. Natl. Herb. 48: 479–488.
- Beetle, A.A. 1999. Gram. México 5: 1–466. Secretaria de Agricultura y Recursos Hidraulícos: COTECOCA, México.
Phalaris microstachya DC.
- Soreng, R. J., G. Davidse, P. M. Peterson, F. O. Zuloaga, E. J. Judziewicz, T. S. Filgueiras & O. N. Morrone. 2003 and onwards. On-line taxonomic novelties and updates, distributional additions and corrections, and editorial changes since the four published volumes of the Catalogue of New World Grasses (Poaceae) published in Contr. U.S. Natl. Herb. vols. 39, 41, 46, and 48. http://www.tropicos.org/Project/CNWG:. In R. J. Soreng, G. Davidse, P. M. Peterson, F. O. Zuloaga, T. S. Filgueiras, E. J. Judziewicz & O. N. Morrone (eds.) Internet Cat. New World Grasses. Missouri Botanical Garden, St. Louis.
- CONABIO. 2009. Catálogo taxonómico de especies de México. 1. In Capital Nat. México. CONABIO, Mexico City.
- Hitchcock, A. S. 1951. Man. Grasses U.S. (ed. 2) 1–1051. U.S. Department of Agriculture, Washington, D.C.
- Baldini, R. M. 1995. Revision of the genus Phalaris L. (Gramineae). Webbia 49(2): 265–329.
- Soreng, R. J. 2003. Phalaris. In Catalogue of New World Grasses (Poaceae): IV. Subfamily Pooideae. Contr. U.S. Natl. Herb. 48: 479–488.
- Beetle, A.A. 1999. Gram. México 5: 1–466. Secretaria de Agricultura y Recursos Hidraulícos: COTECOCA, México.
- Anderson, D.E. 1961. Taxonomy and distribution of the genus Phalaris. Iowa State Coll. J. Sci. 36(1): 1–96.
Phalaris occidentalis Nutt.
- Soreng, R. J. 2003. Phalaris. In Catalogue of New World Grasses (Poaceae): IV. Subfamily Pooideae. Contr. U.S. Natl. Herb. 48: 479–488.
- Espejo Serna, A., A. R. López-Ferrari & J. Valdés-Reyna. 2000. Poaceae. Monocot. Mexic. Sinopsis Floríst. 10: 7–236 [and index].
- Beetle, A.A. 1999. Gram. México 5: 1–466. Secretaria de Agricultura y Recursos Hidraulícos: COTECOCA, México.
- Anderson, D.E. 1961. Taxonomy and distribution of the genus Phalaris. Iowa State Coll. J. Sci. 36(1): 1–96.
- Hitchcock, A. S. 1951. Man. Grasses U.S. (ed. 2) 1–1051. U.S. Department of Agriculture, Washington, D.C.
- Baldini, R. M. 1995. Revision of the genus Phalaris L. (Gramineae). Webbia 49(2): 265–329.
- CONABIO. 2009. Catálogo taxonómico de especies de México. 1. In Capital Nat. México. CONABIO, Mexico City.
- Soreng, R. J., G. Davidse, P. M. Peterson, F. O. Zuloaga, E. J. Judziewicz, T. S. Filgueiras & O. N. Morrone. 2003 and onwards. On-line taxonomic novelties and updates, distributional additions and corrections, and editorial changes since the four published volumes of the Catalogue of New World Grasses (Poaceae) published in Contr. U.S. Natl. Herb. vols. 39, 41, 46, and 48. http://www.tropicos.org/Project/CNWG:. In R. J. Soreng, G. Davidse, P. M. Peterson, F. O. Zuloaga, T. S. Filgueiras, E. J. Judziewicz & O. N. Morrone (eds.) Internet Cat. New World Grasses. Missouri Botanical Garden, St. Louis.
Phalaris trivialis Trin.
- Hitchcock, A. S. 1951. Man. Grasses U.S. (ed. 2) 1–1051. U.S. Department of Agriculture, Washington, D.C.

Accepted Names

Check to show section

References

Check to show section

Accepted By:

Abrams, L. 1923. Ferns to Birthworts. 1: 1–557. In L. Abrams (ed.) Ill. Fl. Pacific States. Stanford University Press, Stanford.
Anderson, D.E. 1961. Taxonomy and distribution of the genus Phalaris. Iowa State Coll. J. Sci. 36(1): 1–96.
Baldini, R. M. 1995. Revision of the genus Phalaris L. (Gramineae). Webbia 49(2): 265–329.
Beetle, A.A. 1977. Noteworthy grasses from Mexico V. Phytologia 37(4): 317–407.
Beetle, A.A. 1999. Gram. México 5: 1–466. Secretaria de Agricultura y Recursos Hidraulícos: COTECOCA, México.
CONABIO. 2009. Catálogo taxonómico de especies de México. 1. In Capital Nat. México. CONABIO, Mexico City.
Correll, D. S. & M. C. Johnston. 1970. Man. Vasc. Pl. Texas i–xv, 1–1881. The University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson.
Espejo Serna, A., A. R. López-Ferrari & J. Valdés-Reyna. 2000. Poaceae. Monocot. Mexic. Sinopsis Floríst. 10: 7–236 [and index].
Fernald, M. 1950. Manual (ed. 8) i–lxiv, 1–1632. American Book Co., New York.
Gleason, H. A. & A.J. Cronquist. 1968. The Pteridophytoa, Gymnospermae and Monocotyledoneae. 1: 1–482. In H. A. Gleason Ill. Fl. N. U.S. (ed. 3). New York Botanical Garden, New York.
Gleason, H. A. & A.J. Cronquist. 1991. Man. Vasc. Pl. N.E. U.S. (ed. 2) i–910. New York Botanical Garden, Bronx.
Godfrey, R. K. & J. W. Wooten. 1979. Aquatic Wetland Pl. S.E. U.S. Monocot. 1–712. The University of Georgia Press, Athens.
Gould, F. W. & R. Moran. 1981. The grasses of Baja California, Mexico. Mem. San Diego Soc. Nat. Hist. 12: 1–140.
Great Plains Flora Association. 1986. Fl. Great Plains i–vii, 1–1392. University Press of Kansas, Lawrence.
Hickman, J. C. 1993. The Jepson Manual: Higher Plants of California 1–1400. University of California Press, Berkeley.
Hitchcock, A. S. 1951. Man. Grasses U.S. (ed. 2) 1–1051. U.S. Department of Agriculture, Washington, D.C.
Hitchcock, C. H., A.J. Cronquist, F. M. Ownbey & J. W. Thompson. 1969. Vascular Cryptogams, Gymnosperms, and Monocotyledons. 1: 1–914. In Vasc. Pl. Pacif. N.W.. University of Washington Press, Seattle.
Kucera, C. L. 1998. The Grasses of Missouri 305 pp., University of Missouri Press, Colombia.
Marticorena, C. & M. Quezada. 1985. Catálogo de la Flora Vascular de Chile. Gayana, Bot. 42: 1–157.
Munz, P. A. & D. D. Keck. 1959. Cal. Fl. 1–1681. University of California Press, Berkeley.
Radford, A. E., H. E. Ahles & C. R. Bell. 1968. Man. Vasc. Fl. Carolinas i–lxi, 1–1183. University of North Carolina Press, Chapel Hill.
Shreve, F. & I. L. Wiggins. 1964. Veg. Fl. Sonoran Des. 2 vols. Stanford University Press, Stanford.
Small, J. K. 1933. Man. S.E. Fl. i–xxii, 1–1554. Published by the Author, New York.
Soreng, R. J. 2003. Phalaris. In Catalogue of New World Grasses (Poaceae): IV. Subfamily Pooideae. Contr. U.S. Natl. Herb. 48: 479–488.
Soreng, R. J., G. Davidse, P. M. Peterson, F. O. Zuloaga, E. J. Judziewicz, T. S. Filgueiras & O. N. Morrone. 2003 and onwards. On-line taxonomic novelties and updates, distributional additions and corrections, and editorial changes since the four published volumes of the Catalogue of New World Grasses (Poaceae) published in Contr. U.S. Natl. Herb. vols. 39, 41, 46, and 48. http://www.tropicos.org/Project/CNWG:. In R. J. Soreng, G. Davidse, P. M. Peterson, F. O. Zuloaga, T. S. Filgueiras, E. J. Judziewicz & O. N. Morrone (eds.) Internet Cat. New World Grasses. Missouri Botanical Garden, St. Louis.
Wunderlin, R. P. 1998. Guide Vasc. Pl. Florida i–x, 1–806. University Press of Florida, Gainseville.
Zuloaga, F. O., O. N. Morrone, M. J. Belgrano, C. Marticorena & E. Marchesi. (eds.) 2008. Monogr. Syst. Bot. Missouri Bot. Gard. 107: 3 Vols., 3348 p.

Homonyms

Check to show section

Subordinate Taxa

Check to show section

Specimens

Check to show section

Include specimens whose determinations have a qualifier
Include cultivated specimens
Include specimens for basionym and other combinations
Specimen coordinates enclosed in square brackets [ ] have been approximated based on political units.

Mesoamerica
- Mexico : [23°37'00"N 102°34'30"W], 15 Apr 1847, Josiah Gregg 454 (MO)
- Mexico : Santa María, [23°37'00"N 102°34'30"W], 19 April 1852, Anonymous S.N. (MO)
- Mexico Baja California: Colonia Guerrero, 80 m, 30°51'00"N 116°05'00"W, 30 March 1962, Peter H. Raven 17036 (MO)
- Mexico Chihuahua: 1300 m, 28°37'48"N 106°04'48"W, 8 Apr 1908 - 27 Apr 1908, Edward Palmer 32 (CM, MO)
- Mexico Sonora: Colonia Morelos, 30°49'00"N 109°13'00"W, 15 September 1947, José Vera Santos 629 (MO)
North America
- United States : [45°10'01"N 119°17'31"W], 1835, Ferdinand J. Lindheimer 105 (MO)
- United States : [45°10'01"N 119°17'31"W], Thomas Nuttall s.n. (US)
- United States : [45°10'01"N 119°17'31"W], Anonymous s.n. (MO)
- United States Alabama: Mar, 1841, L.B. Buckley s.n. (MO)
- United States Alabama, Houston: [31°09'00"N 085°19'00"W], 15 April 1995, John R. MacDonald 8391 (IBE)
- United States Alabama, Lowndes: [32°09'00"N 086°38'00"W], 19 May 1973, Robert Kral 50191 (MO)
- United States Alabama, Mobile: [30°47'00"N 088°12'00"W], May, 1890, Charles T. Mohr s.n. (MO)
- United States Alabama, Mobile: [30°47'00"N 088°12'00"W], 9 May 64, Rebecca Deramus D39 (IBE)
- United States Alabama, Mobile: [30°47'00"N 088°12'00"W], 26 Mr 1971, Robert Kral 41798 (MO)
- United States Alabama, Pickens: [33°17'00"N 088°05'00"W], 17 May 1973, Robert Kral 50008 (MO)
- United States Alabama, Sumter: [32°28'00"N 088°12'00"W], 18 May 1973, Robert Kral 50112 (MO)
- United States Alabama, Wilcox: [31°59'00"N 087°20'00"W], 15 APR 1982, James R. Manhart 427 (UMO)
- United States Arizona: 2400 m, 16 May 1903, J.J. Thornber 494 (MO)
- United States Arizona: 1854 - 1855, AUTISELL s.n. (MO)
- United States Arizona: 1857, Arthur Schott 19 (MO)
- United States Arizona: 11 May 1881, Cyrus G. Pringle 13937 (MO)
- United States Arizona, Pima: [32°00'10"N 112°01'40"W], 3 April 1904, J.J. Thornber 5526 (MO)
- United States Arizona, Pima: [32°00'10"N 112°01'40"W], 23 April 1903, J.J. Thornber 5520 (MO)
- United States Arkansas: H.C. Beyrich 87 (MO)
- United States Arkansas, Ashley: 125 ft, [33°11'00"N 091°47'00"W], 25 April 1937, Delzie Demaree 14731 (MO)
- United States Arkansas, Chicot: 100 ft, [33°17'00"N 091°18'00"W], 28 April 1940, Delzie Demaree 20970 (MO)
- United States Arkansas, Clark: 34°10'00"N 093°10'00"W, 1 May 1970, MATTISON 87 (MO)
- United States Arkansas, Clay: [36°22'00"N 090°23'00"W], 25 May 1893, Heinrich K.D. Eggert s.n. (MO)
- United States Arkansas, Clay: [36°22'00"N 090°23'00"W], 25 May 1893, Heinrich K.D. Eggert s.n. (MO)
- United States Arkansas, Greene: [36°07'00"N 090°33'00"W], 25 May 1893, Heinrich K.D. Eggert s.n. (MO)
- United States Arkansas, Prairie: 215 ft, [34°48'00"N 091°33'00"W], 09 May 1937, Delzie Demaree 14917A (MO)
- United States Arkansas, Pulaski: Little Rock, [34°46'00"N 092°18'00"W], 26 May 1926, Ernest J. Palmer 30329 (MO, UMO)
- United States Arkansas, Sebastian: [35°10'00"N 094°16'00"W], 12 May 1989, R.A. Thompson, R. Rudman & Forrest L. Johnson C0479 (MO)
- United States California: Louis G. Brenner 418 (MO)
- United States California: 100 f, Apr 1897, Blanche Trask s.n. (MO)
- United States California: 33°20'34"N 118°19'37"W, Mar 1901, Blanche Trask s.n. (MO)
- United States California, Butte: [39°39'00"N 121°34'00"W], 17 Apr 1914, A. Arthur Heller 11307 (MO)
- United States California, Butte: [39°39'00"N 121°34'00"W], 3 May 1902, A. Arthur Heller 5447 (MO)
- United States California, Marin: 1000 f, [38°04'00"N 122°44'00"W], 28 Apr 1940, Lewis S. Rose 40240 (MO)
- United States California, Merced: [37°10'00"N 120°45'20"W], 23 Apr 1915, Alice Eastwood 4419 (MO)
- United States California, Riverside: 2050 f, [33°44'00"N 116°03'00"W], 12 May 1969, Robert F. Thorne & Earl W. Lathrop 37951 (MO)
- United States California, San Diego: [33°02'00"N 116°48'00"W], 16 Apr 1937, Edith A. Purer 7237 (MO)
- United States California, Ventura: [34°28'00"N 119°01'00"W], 15 June 1955, POLLARD s.n. (MO)
- United States Florida: 29°43'33"N 084°59'00"W, Anonymous s.n. (MO)
- United States Florida: 29°43'33"N 084°59'00"W, Anonymous s.n. (MO)
- United States Florida: 1842 - 1849, Ferdinand Rugel 139 (MO)
- United States Florida, Gilchrist: [29°47'00"N 082°52'00"W], 16 Apr 1967, William G. D'Arcy 1504 (MO)
- United States Florida, Jackson: [30°52'00"N 085°10'00"W], April 19, 1995, Norlan C. Henderson 95-82 (MO)
- United States Georgia, Calhoun: [31°32'00"N 084°37'00"W], 14 May 1947, Robert F. Thorne 3866 (MO)
- United States Georgia, Clarke: 700 f, [33°57'00"N 083°23'00"W], 2 May 1947, Arthur J. Cronquist 4364 (MO)
- United States Georgia, Grady: [30°52'00"N 084°14'00"W], 29 Apr 1969, Robert K. Godfrey 68477 (MO)
- United States Georgia, Lowndes: [30°50'00"N 083°15'00"W], 7 May 1970, Wayne R. Faircloth 6661 (MO)
- United States Georgia, McIntosh: [31°29'00"N 081°25'00"W], 16 APR 1954, Wilbur H. Duncan 17725 (UMO)
- United States Kansas, Woodson: [37°53'00"N 095°44'00"W], 02 June 1961, Leland J. Gier 13132 (MO)
- United States Louisiana: 19 April 1899 - 15 May 1899, Carleton R. Ball 327 (MO)
- United States Louisiana: Pitcher s.n. (MO)
- United States Louisiana: Jospeh F. Joor s.n. (MO)
- United States Louisiana, Lincoln: 32°38'00"N 092°41'00"W, 08 MAY 1973, Dudley Ellisor 300 (UMO)
- United States Louisiana, Madison: [32°22'00"N 091°15'50"W], 1 May 1988, Thomas 104257 (MO)
- United States Louisiana, Morehouse: [32°48'00"N 091°48'00"W], 28 April 1940, Delzie Demaree 20963 (MO)
- United States Louisiana, Natchitoches: [31°46'00"N 093°08'00"W], 27 Apr 1915, Ernest J. Palmer 7376A (MO)
- United States Louisiana, Saint Landry: [30°38'00"N 092°00'10"W], 17 Apr 1994, Norlan C. Henderson 94-89 (MO)
- United States Louisiana, Webster: [32°43'00"N 093°21'00"W], 22 May 1992, R. Dale Thomas 128642 (MO)
- United States Mississippi: Hart s.n. (MO)
- United States Mississippi, Coahoma: [34°13'40"N 090°34'40"W], 8 May 1960, Sidney T. McDaniel 1796 (MO)
- United States Mississippi, Oktibbeha: [33°28'50"N 088°57'00"W], 12 May 1991, Sidney T. McDaniel 31059 (IBE)
- United States Mississippi, Sharkey: [32°57'00"N 090°51'30"W], 18 May 1977, Richard Carter 709 (IBE, MO)
- United States Mississippi, Washington: [33°24'20"N 091°04'00"W], 20 Apr 1957, George B. Van Schaack 3576 (MO)
- United States Mississippi, Winston: [33°08'20"N 089°11'50"W], 17 May 1993, Allen Moore 1394 (IBE)
- United States Missouri, Barton: [37°30'02"N 094°21'03"W], 22 May 1990, Douglas Ladd 14004 (MO)
- United States Missouri, Barton: 1035 ft, 37°21'55"N 094°09'06"W, 04 June 2011, Nels J. Holmberg 3598 (MO)
- United States Missouri, Barton: [37°30'02"N 094°21'03"W], 07 June 1950, Julian A. Steyermark 49999 (F)
- United States Missouri, Barton: [37°30'02"N 094°21'03"W], May 18, 1994, SUMMERS 6648 (MO)
- United States Missouri, Barton: [37°30'02"N 094°21'03"W], 12 MAY 1954, Ernest J. Palmer 57518 (UMO)
- United States Missouri, Barton: [37°30'02"N 094°21'03"W], 05 MAY 1955, Ernest J. Palmer 59751 (UMO)
- United States Missouri, Barton: [37°30'02"N 094°21'03"W], 02 JUN 1974, Douglas G. LeDoux 1576 (UMO)
- United States Missouri, Barton: [37°30'02"N 094°21'03"W], 07 JUN 1950, Ernest J. Palmer 49999 (UMO)
- United States Missouri, Barton: [37°30'02"N 094°21'03"W], 05 MAY 1955, Ernest J. Palmer 59767 (UMO)
- United States Missouri, Bates: [38°15'15"N 094°20'43"W], 03 JUN 1952, Ernest J. Palmer 54092 (UMO)
- United States Missouri, Butler: [36°42'48"N 090°24'41"W], 9 May 1992, Bill Summers 4903 (MO)
- United States Missouri, Butler: [36°42'48"N 090°24'41"W], 04 June 1937, John H. Kellogg s.n. (MO)
- United States Missouri, Butler: [36°42'48"N 090°24'41"W], 07 July 1931, John H. Kellogg s.n. (MO)
- United States Missouri, Cedar: 37°49'27"N 093°42'42"W, 26 June 1939, Julian A. Steyermark 27427 (F)
- United States Missouri, Dade: 37°22'28"N 093°54'19"W, 30 May 2009, Nels J. Holmberg 2943 (MO)
- United States Missouri, Dade: [37°25'55"N 093°51'27"W], 11 MAY 1949, Ernest J. Palmer 49013 (UMO)
- United States Missouri, Dunklin: [36°16'14"N 090°05'37"W], 22 MAY 1932, John H. Kellogg 25916 (MO, UMO)
- United States Missouri, Dunklin: 36°33'25"N 089°57'59"W, 05 May 1932, John H. Kellogg s.n. (MO)
- United States Missouri, Dunklin: 36°33'25"N 089°57'59"W, 22 May 1932, John H. Kellogg s.n. (MO)
- United States Missouri, Henry: [38°23'04"N 093°47'48"W], June 2005, Leis, S. s.n. (xMDC-Clinton)
- United States Missouri, Holt: 40°14'54"N 095°27'14"W, 25 May 1893, Heinrich K.D. Eggert s.n. (MO)
- United States Missouri, Howell: [36°46'14"N 091°53'38"W], 7 June 1996, Smith 3288b (MO)
- United States Missouri, Howell: [36°46'14"N 091°53'38"W], May 27, 2001, Bill Summers 9725 (MO)
- United States Missouri, Jackson: [39°00'24"N 094°21'08"W], 07 JUN 1891, Benjamin F. Bush UMO 621 (UMO)
- United States Missouri, Jackson: [39°00'24"N 094°21'08"W], 07 June 1891, Benjamin F. Bush s.n. (MO)
- United States Missouri, Jackson: [39°00'24"N 094°21'08"W], May 22, 1908, Benjamin F. Bush 4964 (MO)
- United States Missouri, Jackson: [39°00'24"N 094°21'08"W], 07 June 1891, Benjamin F. Bush s.n. (MO)
- United States Missouri, Jasper: 910 f, [37°12'15"N 094°20'39"W], 27 May 1994, George Yatskievych 94-131 (MO)
- United States Missouri, Jasper: [37°12'15"N 094°20'39"W], 5/25/1902, Ernest J. Palmer 221 (MO)
- United States Missouri, Jasper: [37°12'15"N 094°20'39"W], 10 JUN 1954, Ernest J. Palmer 57772 (UMO)
- United States Missouri, Jasper: [37°12'15"N 094°20'39"W], 10 JUN 1954, Ernest J. Palmer 57763 (UMO)
- United States Missouri, Jasper: [37°12'15"N 094°20'39"W], 03 JUN 1949, Ernest J. Palmer 49101 (UMO)
- United States Missouri, Johnson: [38°44'32"N 093°48'43"W], XX JUN 1927, Albert E. Saeger UMO 622 (UMO)
- United States Missouri, Lawrence: [37°06'21"N 093°50'27"W], 04 JUN 1954, Ernest J. Palmer 57749 (UMO)
- United States Missouri, Lawrence: [37°06'21"N 093°50'27"W], 14 MAY 1955, Ernest J. Palmer 59842 (UMO)
- United States Missouri, Newton: [36°54'25"N 094°20'38"W], 2 June 2000, Smith 3576 (MO, UMO)
- United States Missouri, Newton: 950-1000 f, [36°54'25"N 094°20'38"W], 16 May 1994, George Yatskievych 94-50 (MO)
- United States Missouri, Newton: [36°54'25"N 094°20'38"W], 25 MAY 1955, Ernest J. Palmer 60052 (UMO)
- United States Missouri, Newton: [36°54'25"N 094°20'38"W], 29 JUN 1954, Ernest J. Palmer 58062 (UMO)
- United States Missouri, Newton: [36°54'25"N 094°20'38"W], May 16, 1994, SUMMERS 6611 (MO)
- United States Missouri, Ripley: [36°38'54"N 090°52'02"W], 14 June 2000, Douglas Ladd 22292 (MO)
- United States Missouri, Saint Clair: 38°00'30"N 093°59'40"W, 16 JUN 1961, Brown 19 (UMO)
- United States Missouri, Saint Clair: [38°02'06"N 093°47'02"W], 22 May 1985, Arthur Christ s.n. (MO)
- United States Missouri, Saint Clair: [38°02'06"N 093°47'02"W], 22 May 1985, Arthur Christ s.n. (MO)
- United States Missouri, Saint Clair: 37°54'56"N 093°51'30"W, 23 May 2008, Tim E. Smith 4497 (MO)
- United States Missouri, Saint Louis: [38°38'24"N 090°27'00"W], 11 June 1907, Charles W. Fullgraf s.n. (MO)
- United States Missouri, Saint Louis City: [38°38'55"N 090°14'31"W], 11 June 1907, Charles W. Fullgraf & John H. Kellogg s.n. (MO)
- United States Missouri, Stoddard: Otter Slough CA, [36°51'26"N 089°57'03"W], 31 MAY 2000, Paul M. McKenzie & Janeen R. Laatsch 1899 (MO, UMO)
- United States Missouri, Stoddard: [36°51'26"N 089°57'03"W], June 07, 1996, Bill Summers, George Yatskievych, A. A. Reznicek & Stan Hudson 7861 (MO)
- United States Missouri, Stoddard: [36°51'26"N 089°57'03"W], 08 June 1939, William A. Anderson s.n. (MIL)
- United States Missouri, Vernon: [37°50'58"N 094°20'48"W], 20 May 1989, Chang 471 (MO)
- United States Missouri, Vernon: [37°50'58"N 094°20'48"W], June 7, 1999, Bill Summers, George Yatskievych, Dennis E. Figg, D. Urich, Maureen McHale, Janeen R. Laatsch & S. Horner 9249 (MO)
- United States New Mexico: 1851 - 1852, Charles (Carlos) Wright 1966 (MO)
- United States New Mexico: Sept, 1887, Henry H. Rusby 457 (MO)
- United States New Mexico, Doña Ana: 3950 f, [33°00'00"N 106°27'00"W], 20 MAY 1953, David B. Dunn 8923 (UMO)
- United States North Carolina: Bosc, Louis Augustin Guillaume s.n. (US)
- United States Oklahoma: 8 May 1916, Mary Strong Clemens 11462 (MO)
- United States Oklahoma: 14 May 1895, Benjamin F. Bush 1203 (MO)
- United States Oklahoma: 23 May 1916, Mary Strong Clemens 11462a (MO)
- United States Oklahoma: 1875, George D. Butler 46 (MO)
- United States Oklahoma: 1 June 1877, George D. Butler 11320 (MO)
- United States Oklahoma: 1877, George D. Butler 112 (MO)
- United States Oklahoma: 19 June 1894, Benjamin F. Bush 748 (MO)
- United States Oklahoma: 1877, George D. Butler 3 (MO)
- United States Oklahoma, Comanche: [34°40'00"N 098°29'00"W], 4 May 1989, R.A. Thompson, R. Rudman & F.L. Johnson S0360 (MO)
- United States Oklahoma, Jackson: [34°37'00"N 099°23'00"W], 13 May 1980, D. Alleman, L. Loomis, J. McPherson & Ronald J. Tyrl 352 (MO)
- United States Oklahoma, Kingfisher: [35°57'00"N 097°57'00"W], 20 May 1896, Laura A. Blankinship s.n. (MO)
- United States Oklahoma, Logan: [35°53'00"N 097°26'00"W], 14 June 1914, George W. Stevens 3283 (MO)
- United States Oklahoma, Woods: [36°46'00"N 098°48'00"W], 1 June 1913, George W. Stevens 730 (MO)
- United States Oklahoma, Woodward: [36°31'00"N 099°13'00"W], 05 MAY 1937, BONDY UMO 31034 (UMO)
- United States Oklahoma, Woodward: [36°31'00"N 099°13'00"W], 5 May 1937, BONDY s.n. (MO)
- United States South Carolina: Anonymous s.n. (MO)
- United States South Carolina, Anderson: [34°32'00"N 082°39'00"W], 15 May 1991, Steven R. Hill 22289 (MO)
- United States South Carolina, Beaufort: [32°22'00"N 080°42'00"W], 5 May 1917, Joseph R. Churchill s.n. (MO)
- United States South Carolina, McCormick: 200 m, [33°54'00"N 082°18'00"W], 04 May 1949, Wilbur H. Duncan 9468 (US)
- United States Texas: 17 Apr 1930, Marcus E. Jones 26365 (MO)
- United States Texas: 3 Apr 1930, BENKE 5337 (MO)
- United States Texas: April 28, 1905, Samuel M. Tracy 9322 (MO)
- United States Texas: Jean L. Berlandier 1010 (MO)
- United States Texas: Jean L. Berlandier 2420 (MO)
- United States Texas: 13 May 1900, J. Reverchon 1100 (MO)
- United States Texas: May 1913, Charles Russell Orcutt 5878 (MO)
- United States Texas: 16 Apr 1949, Benjamin C. Tharp & C. G. Havard 48-616 (MO)
- United States Texas: 1850, Anonymous s.n. (MO)
- United States Texas: Apr, 1848, Ferdinand J. Lindheimer s.n. (MO)
- United States Texas: 12 May 1902, Samuel M. Tracy 8098 (MO)
- United States Texas: Apr, 1828, Jean L. Berlandier 208 (MO)
- United States Texas: April 30, 1900, Benjamin F. Bush 180 (MO)
- United States Texas, Austin: [29°53'00"N 096°19'00"W], 19 May 1939, Benjamin C. Tharp s.n. (MO)
- United States Texas, Bexar: [29°27'00"N 098°31'00"W], 29 Apr 1911, J. Clemens & Mary Strong Clemens 459 (MO)
- United States Texas, Bexar: [29°27'00"N 098°31'00"W], Jean L. Berlandier 1596 (MO)
- United States Texas, Bexar: [29°27'00"N 098°31'00"W], 15 Apr 1964, Donovan S. Correll 29207 (MO)
- United States Texas, Brazos: [30°40'00"N 096°19'00"W], 30 Apr 1917, Ernest J. Palmer 11729 (MO)
- United States Texas, Burleson: [30°31'00"N 096°37'00"W], 2 Apr 1981, MORDEN 239 (MO)
- United States Texas, Galveston: [29°22'00"N 094°58'00"W], 19 April 1875, Jospeh F. Joor 925 (MO)
- United States Texas, Gillespie: [30°19'00"N 098°57'00"W], Anonymous 15 (MO)
- United States Texas, Harris: [29°50'00"N 095°24'00"W], 20 Apr 1899, Heinrich K.D. Eggert s.n. (MO)
- United States Texas, Houston: [31°20'00"N 095°25'00"W], 16 Apr 1872, Elihu Hall 838 (MO)
- United States Texas, Sabine: [31°21'00"N 093°51'00"W], 25 Apr 1903, J. Reverchon 4108 (MO)
- United States Texas, San Patricio: 35 f, [28°01'00"N 097°31'00"W], 14 Apr 1894, A. Arthur Heller 1578 (MO)
- United States Texas, Tarrant: [32°46'00"N 097°18'00"W], 4 May 1900, Heinrich K.D. Eggert s.n. (MO)
- United States Texas, Tarrant: [32°46'00"N 097°18'00"W], July 10, 1912, Albert Ruth 149a (MO)
- United States Texas, Taylor: [32°18'00"N 099°50'00"W], May 1, 1943, William L. Tolstead 7114 (MO)
- United States Texas, Travis: [30°20'00"N 097°48'00"W], 07 May 1913, Mary S. Young s.n. (MO)
- United States Texas, Travis: 30°19'00"N 097°47'00"W, 30 April 1942, Benjamin C. Tharp s.n. (MO)
- United States Texas, Uvalde: [29°22'00"N 099°46'00"W], 26 Apr 1931, Marcus E. Jones s.n. (MO)
- United States Texas, Victoria: [28°47'00"N 096°57'00"W], 21 Apr 1979, Steven R. Hill 8289 (MO)
- United States Virginia, Accomack: [37°45'00"N 075°40'00"W], June 5, 1955, Clyde F. Reed 86118 (MO)
South America
- Chile Valparaiso, Quillota: 0160 m, 33°02'00"S 071°16'00"W, /10/1932, Augustin Garaventa 2837 (CONC)

Literature Based Distribution

Check to show section

Mapping will be based on a standard reference mark based on political units when available.

Oceania
- Australia : Baldini, R. M. 1995. Revision of the genus Phalaris L. (Gramineae). Webbia 49(2): 265–329.
South America
- Chile : Marticorena, C. & M. Quezada. 1985. Catálogo de la Flora Vascular de Chile. Gayana, Bot. 42: 1–157.
Europe
- Germany : Baldini, R. M. 1995. Revision of the genus Phalaris L. (Gramineae). Webbia 49(2): 265–329.
Mesoamerica
- Mexico : Beetle, A.A. 1977. Noteworthy grasses from Mexico V. Phytologia 37(4): 317–407.
- Mexico : Gould, F. W. & R. Moran. 1981. The grasses of Baja California, Mexico. Mem. San Diego Soc. Nat. Hist. 12: 1–140.
- Mexico : Soreng, R. J. 2003. Phalaris. In Catalogue of New World Grasses (Poaceae): IV. Subfamily Pooideae. Contr. U.S. Natl. Herb. 48: 479–488.
- Mexico : Baldini, R. M. 1995. Revision of the genus Phalaris L. (Gramineae). Webbia 49(2): 265–329.
- Mexico : Beetle, A.A. 1999. Gram. México 5: 1–466. Secretaria de Agricultura y Recursos Hidraulícos: COTECOCA, México.
- Mexico : Soreng, R. J., G. Davidse, P. M. Peterson, F. O. Zuloaga, E. J. Judziewicz, T. S. Filgueiras & O. N. Morrone. 2003 and onwards. On-line taxonomic novelties and updates, distributional additions and corrections, and editorial changes since the four published volumes of the Catalogue of New World Grasses (Poaceae) published in Contr. U.S. Natl. Herb. vols. 39, 41, 46, and 48. http://www.tropicos.org/Project/CNWG:. In R. J. Soreng, G. Davidse, P. M. Peterson, F. O. Zuloaga, T. S. Filgueiras, E. J. Judziewicz & O. N. Morrone (eds.) Internet Cat. New World Grasses. Missouri Botanical Garden, St. Louis.
Europe
- Switzerland : Baldini, R. M. 1995. Revision of the genus Phalaris L. (Gramineae). Webbia 49(2): 265–329.
North America
- United States : Radford, A. E., H. E. Ahles & C. R. Bell. 1968. Man. Vasc. Fl. Carolinas i–lxi, 1–1183. University of North Carolina Press, Chapel Hill.
- United States : Great Plains Flora Association. 1986. Fl. Great Plains i–vii, 1–1392. University Press of Kansas, Lawrence.
- United States : Fernald, M. 1950. Manual (ed. 8) i–lxiv, 1–1632. American Book Co., New York.
- United States : Correll, D. S. & M. C. Johnston. 1970. Man. Vasc. Pl. Texas i–xv, 1–1881. The University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson.
- United States : Gleason, H. A. & A.J. Cronquist. 1968. The Pteridophytoa, Gymnospermae and Monocotyledoneae. 1: 1–482. In H. A. Gleason Ill. Fl. N. U.S. (ed. 3). New York Botanical Garden, New York.
- United States : Small, J. K. 1933. Man. S.E. Fl. i–xxii, 1–1554. Published by the Author, New York.
- United States : Godfrey, R. K. & J. W. Wooten. 1979. Aquatic Wetland Pl. S.E. U.S. Monocot. 1–712. The University of Georgia Press, Athens.
- United States : Munz, P. A. & D. D. Keck. 1959. Cal. Fl. 1–1681. University of California Press, Berkeley.
- United States : Beetle, A.A. 1977. Noteworthy grasses from Mexico V. Phytologia 37(4): 317–407.
- United States : Gould, F. W. & R. Moran. 1981. The grasses of Baja California, Mexico. Mem. San Diego Soc. Nat. Hist. 12: 1–140.
- United States : Kucera, C. L. 1998. The Grasses of Missouri 305 pp., University of Missouri Press, Colombia.
- United States : Beetle, A.A. 1999. Gram. México 5: 1–466. Secretaria de Agricultura y Recursos Hidraulícos: COTECOCA, México.
Mesoamerica
- Mexico Baja California: Gould, F. W. & R. Moran. 1981. The grasses of Baja California, Mexico. Mem. San Diego Soc. Nat. Hist. 12: 1–140.
- Mexico Baja California: Beetle, A.A. 1999. Gram. México 5: 1–466. Secretaria de Agricultura y Recursos Hidraulícos: COTECOCA, México.
- Mexico Chihuahua: Beetle, A.A. 1977. Noteworthy grasses from Mexico V. Phytologia 37(4): 317–407.
- Mexico Chihuahua: Herrera Arrieta, Y. & A. Cortés Ortiz. 2010. Listado florístico y aspectos ecológicos de la familia Poaceae para Chihuahua, Durango y Zacatecas, México. J. Bot. Res. Inst. Texas 4(2): 711–738.
- Mexico Coahuila: Beetle, A.A. 1977. Noteworthy grasses from Mexico V. Phytologia 37(4): 317–407.
- Mexico Coahuila: Beetle, A.A. 1999. Gram. México 5: 1–466. Secretaria de Agricultura y Recursos Hidraulícos: COTECOCA, México.
- Mexico México: Beetle, A.A. 1999. Gram. México 5: 1–466. Secretaria de Agricultura y Recursos Hidraulícos: COTECOCA, México.
- Mexico Sonora: Beetle, A.A. 1977. Noteworthy grasses from Mexico V. Phytologia 37(4): 317–407.
- Mexico Sonora: Anderson, D.E. 1961. Taxonomy and distribution of the genus Phalaris. Iowa State Coll. J. Sci. 36(1): 1–96.
- Mexico Sonora: Beetle, A.A. 1999. Gram. México 5: 1–466. Secretaria de Agricultura y Recursos Hidraulícos: COTECOCA, México.
North America
- United States Alabama: Radford, A. E., H. E. Ahles & C. R. Bell. 1968. Man. Vasc. Fl. Carolinas i–lxi, 1–1183. University of North Carolina Press, Chapel Hill.
- United States Alabama: Soreng, R. J. 2003. Phalaris. In Catalogue of New World Grasses (Poaceae): IV. Subfamily Pooideae. Contr. U.S. Natl. Herb. 48: 479–488.
- United States Alabama: Baldini, R. M. 1995. Revision of the genus Phalaris L. (Gramineae). Webbia 49(2): 265–329.
- United States Alabama: Soreng, R. J., G. Davidse, P. M. Peterson, F. O. Zuloaga, E. J. Judziewicz, T. S. Filgueiras & O. N. Morrone. 2003 and onwards. On-line taxonomic novelties and updates, distributional additions and corrections, and editorial changes since the four published volumes of the Catalogue of New World Grasses (Poaceae) published in Contr. U.S. Natl. Herb. vols. 39, 41, 46, and 48. http://www.tropicos.org/Project/CNWG:. In R. J. Soreng, G. Davidse, P. M. Peterson, F. O. Zuloaga, T. S. Filgueiras, E. J. Judziewicz & O. N. Morrone (eds.) Internet Cat. New World Grasses. Missouri Botanical Garden, St. Louis.
- United States Arkansas: Soreng, R. J. 2003. Phalaris. In Catalogue of New World Grasses (Poaceae): IV. Subfamily Pooideae. Contr. U.S. Natl. Herb. 48: 479–488.
- United States Arkansas: Baldini, R. M. 1995. Revision of the genus Phalaris L. (Gramineae). Webbia 49(2): 265–329.
- United States Arkansas: Soreng, R. J., G. Davidse, P. M. Peterson, F. O. Zuloaga, E. J. Judziewicz, T. S. Filgueiras & O. N. Morrone. 2003 and onwards. On-line taxonomic novelties and updates, distributional additions and corrections, and editorial changes since the four published volumes of the Catalogue of New World Grasses (Poaceae) published in Contr. U.S. Natl. Herb. vols. 39, 41, 46, and 48. http://www.tropicos.org/Project/CNWG:. In R. J. Soreng, G. Davidse, P. M. Peterson, F. O. Zuloaga, T. S. Filgueiras, E. J. Judziewicz & O. N. Morrone (eds.) Internet Cat. New World Grasses. Missouri Botanical Garden, St. Louis.
- United States Arizona: Correll, D. S. & M. C. Johnston. 1970. Man. Vasc. Pl. Texas i–xv, 1–1881. The University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson.
- United States Arizona: Soreng, R. J. 2003. Phalaris. In Catalogue of New World Grasses (Poaceae): IV. Subfamily Pooideae. Contr. U.S. Natl. Herb. 48: 479–488.
- United States Arizona: Baldini, R. M. 1995. Revision of the genus Phalaris L. (Gramineae). Webbia 49(2): 265–329.
- United States Arizona: Soreng, R. J., G. Davidse, P. M. Peterson, F. O. Zuloaga, E. J. Judziewicz, T. S. Filgueiras & O. N. Morrone. 2003 and onwards. On-line taxonomic novelties and updates, distributional additions and corrections, and editorial changes since the four published volumes of the Catalogue of New World Grasses (Poaceae) published in Contr. U.S. Natl. Herb. vols. 39, 41, 46, and 48. http://www.tropicos.org/Project/CNWG:. In R. J. Soreng, G. Davidse, P. M. Peterson, F. O. Zuloaga, T. S. Filgueiras, E. J. Judziewicz & O. N. Morrone (eds.) Internet Cat. New World Grasses. Missouri Botanical Garden, St. Louis.
- United States California: Great Plains Flora Association. 1986. Fl. Great Plains i–vii, 1–1392. University Press of Kansas, Lawrence.
- United States California: Correll, D. S. & M. C. Johnston. 1970. Man. Vasc. Pl. Texas i–xv, 1–1881. The University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson.
- United States California: Gleason, H. A. & A.J. Cronquist. 1968. The Pteridophytoa, Gymnospermae and Monocotyledoneae. 1: 1–482. In H. A. Gleason Ill. Fl. N. U.S. (ed. 3). New York Botanical Garden, New York.
- United States California: Small, J. K. 1933. Man. S.E. Fl. i–xxii, 1–1554. Published by the Author, New York.
- United States California: Godfrey, R. K. & J. W. Wooten. 1979. Aquatic Wetland Pl. S.E. U.S. Monocot. 1–712. The University of Georgia Press, Athens.
- United States California: Munz, P. A. & D. D. Keck. 1959. Cal. Fl. 1–1681. University of California Press, Berkeley.
- United States California: Soreng, R. J. 2003. Phalaris. In Catalogue of New World Grasses (Poaceae): IV. Subfamily Pooideae. Contr. U.S. Natl. Herb. 48: 479–488.
- United States California: Baldini, R. M. 1995. Revision of the genus Phalaris L. (Gramineae). Webbia 49(2): 265–329.
- United States California: Soreng, R. J., G. Davidse, P. M. Peterson, F. O. Zuloaga, E. J. Judziewicz, T. S. Filgueiras & O. N. Morrone. 2003 and onwards. On-line taxonomic novelties and updates, distributional additions and corrections, and editorial changes since the four published volumes of the Catalogue of New World Grasses (Poaceae) published in Contr. U.S. Natl. Herb. vols. 39, 41, 46, and 48. http://www.tropicos.org/Project/CNWG:. In R. J. Soreng, G. Davidse, P. M. Peterson, F. O. Zuloaga, T. S. Filgueiras, E. J. Judziewicz & O. N. Morrone (eds.) Internet Cat. New World Grasses. Missouri Botanical Garden, St. Louis.
- United States Colorado: Great Plains Flora Association. 1986. Fl. Great Plains i–vii, 1–1392. University Press of Kansas, Lawrence.
- United States Colorado: Fernald, M. 1950. Manual (ed. 8) i–lxiv, 1–1632. American Book Co., New York.
- United States Colorado: Soreng, R. J. 2003. Phalaris. In Catalogue of New World Grasses (Poaceae): IV. Subfamily Pooideae. Contr. U.S. Natl. Herb. 48: 479–488.
- United States Colorado: Baldini, R. M. 1995. Revision of the genus Phalaris L. (Gramineae). Webbia 49(2): 265–329.
- United States Colorado: Soreng, R. J., G. Davidse, P. M. Peterson, F. O. Zuloaga, E. J. Judziewicz, T. S. Filgueiras & O. N. Morrone. 2003 and onwards. On-line taxonomic novelties and updates, distributional additions and corrections, and editorial changes since the four published volumes of the Catalogue of New World Grasses (Poaceae) published in Contr. U.S. Natl. Herb. vols. 39, 41, 46, and 48. http://www.tropicos.org/Project/CNWG:. In R. J. Soreng, G. Davidse, P. M. Peterson, F. O. Zuloaga, T. S. Filgueiras, E. J. Judziewicz & O. N. Morrone (eds.) Internet Cat. New World Grasses. Missouri Botanical Garden, St. Louis.
- United States Florida: Radford, A. E., H. E. Ahles & C. R. Bell. 1968. Man. Vasc. Fl. Carolinas i–lxi, 1–1183. University of North Carolina Press, Chapel Hill.
- United States Florida: Great Plains Flora Association. 1986. Fl. Great Plains i–vii, 1–1392. University Press of Kansas, Lawrence.
- United States Florida: Fernald, M. 1950. Manual (ed. 8) i–lxiv, 1–1632. American Book Co., New York.
- United States Florida: Gleason, H. A. & A.J. Cronquist. 1968. The Pteridophytoa, Gymnospermae and Monocotyledoneae. 1: 1–482. In H. A. Gleason Ill. Fl. N. U.S. (ed. 3). New York Botanical Garden, New York.
- United States Florida: Small, J. K. 1933. Man. S.E. Fl. i–xxii, 1–1554. Published by the Author, New York.
- United States Florida: Godfrey, R. K. & J. W. Wooten. 1979. Aquatic Wetland Pl. S.E. U.S. Monocot. 1–712. The University of Georgia Press, Athens.
- United States Florida: Soreng, R. J. 2003. Phalaris. In Catalogue of New World Grasses (Poaceae): IV. Subfamily Pooideae. Contr. U.S. Natl. Herb. 48: 479–488.
- United States Florida: Baldini, R. M. 1995. Revision of the genus Phalaris L. (Gramineae). Webbia 49(2): 265–329.
- United States Florida: Soreng, R. J., G. Davidse, P. M. Peterson, F. O. Zuloaga, E. J. Judziewicz, T. S. Filgueiras & O. N. Morrone. 2003 and onwards. On-line taxonomic novelties and updates, distributional additions and corrections, and editorial changes since the four published volumes of the Catalogue of New World Grasses (Poaceae) published in Contr. U.S. Natl. Herb. vols. 39, 41, 46, and 48. http://www.tropicos.org/Project/CNWG:. In R. J. Soreng, G. Davidse, P. M. Peterson, F. O. Zuloaga, T. S. Filgueiras, E. J. Judziewicz & O. N. Morrone (eds.) Internet Cat. New World Grasses. Missouri Botanical Garden, St. Louis.
- United States Georgia: Radford, A. E., H. E. Ahles & C. R. Bell. 1968. Man. Vasc. Fl. Carolinas i–lxi, 1–1183. University of North Carolina Press, Chapel Hill.
- United States Georgia: Soreng, R. J. 2003. Phalaris. In Catalogue of New World Grasses (Poaceae): IV. Subfamily Pooideae. Contr. U.S. Natl. Herb. 48: 479–488.
- United States Georgia: Baldini, R. M. 1995. Revision of the genus Phalaris L. (Gramineae). Webbia 49(2): 265–329.
- United States Georgia: Soreng, R. J., G. Davidse, P. M. Peterson, F. O. Zuloaga, E. J. Judziewicz, T. S. Filgueiras & O. N. Morrone. 2003 and onwards. On-line taxonomic novelties and updates, distributional additions and corrections, and editorial changes since the four published volumes of the Catalogue of New World Grasses (Poaceae) published in Contr. U.S. Natl. Herb. vols. 39, 41, 46, and 48. http://www.tropicos.org/Project/CNWG:. In R. J. Soreng, G. Davidse, P. M. Peterson, F. O. Zuloaga, T. S. Filgueiras, E. J. Judziewicz & O. N. Morrone (eds.) Internet Cat. New World Grasses. Missouri Botanical Garden, St. Louis.
- United States Kansas: Great Plains Flora Association. 1986. Fl. Great Plains i–vii, 1–1392. University Press of Kansas, Lawrence.
- United States Kansas: Fernald, M. 1950. Manual (ed. 8) i–lxiv, 1–1632. American Book Co., New York.
- United States Kansas: Soreng, R. J. 2003. Phalaris. In Catalogue of New World Grasses (Poaceae): IV. Subfamily Pooideae. Contr. U.S. Natl. Herb. 48: 479–488.
- United States Kansas: Baldini, R. M. 1995. Revision of the genus Phalaris L. (Gramineae). Webbia 49(2): 265–329.
- United States Kansas: Soreng, R. J., G. Davidse, P. M. Peterson, F. O. Zuloaga, E. J. Judziewicz, T. S. Filgueiras & O. N. Morrone. 2003 and onwards. On-line taxonomic novelties and updates, distributional additions and corrections, and editorial changes since the four published volumes of the Catalogue of New World Grasses (Poaceae) published in Contr. U.S. Natl. Herb. vols. 39, 41, 46, and 48. http://www.tropicos.org/Project/CNWG:. In R. J. Soreng, G. Davidse, P. M. Peterson, F. O. Zuloaga, T. S. Filgueiras, E. J. Judziewicz & O. N. Morrone (eds.) Internet Cat. New World Grasses. Missouri Botanical Garden, St. Louis.
- United States Kentucky: Soreng, R. J. 2003. Phalaris. In Catalogue of New World Grasses (Poaceae): IV. Subfamily Pooideae. Contr. U.S. Natl. Herb. 48: 479–488.
- United States Kentucky: Baldini, R. M. 1995. Revision of the genus Phalaris L. (Gramineae). Webbia 49(2): 265–329.
- United States Kentucky: Soreng, R. J., G. Davidse, P. M. Peterson, F. O. Zuloaga, E. J. Judziewicz, T. S. Filgueiras & O. N. Morrone. 2003 and onwards. On-line taxonomic novelties and updates, distributional additions and corrections, and editorial changes since the four published volumes of the Catalogue of New World Grasses (Poaceae) published in Contr. U.S. Natl. Herb. vols. 39, 41, 46, and 48. http://www.tropicos.org/Project/CNWG:. In R. J. Soreng, G. Davidse, P. M. Peterson, F. O. Zuloaga, T. S. Filgueiras, E. J. Judziewicz & O. N. Morrone (eds.) Internet Cat. New World Grasses. Missouri Botanical Garden, St. Louis.
- United States Louisiana: Soreng, R. J. 2003. Phalaris. In Catalogue of New World Grasses (Poaceae): IV. Subfamily Pooideae. Contr. U.S. Natl. Herb. 48: 479–488.
- United States Louisiana: Baldini, R. M. 1995. Revision of the genus Phalaris L. (Gramineae). Webbia 49(2): 265–329.
- United States Louisiana: Soreng, R. J., G. Davidse, P. M. Peterson, F. O. Zuloaga, E. J. Judziewicz, T. S. Filgueiras & O. N. Morrone. 2003 and onwards. On-line taxonomic novelties and updates, distributional additions and corrections, and editorial changes since the four published volumes of the Catalogue of New World Grasses (Poaceae) published in Contr. U.S. Natl. Herb. vols. 39, 41, 46, and 48. http://www.tropicos.org/Project/CNWG:. In R. J. Soreng, G. Davidse, P. M. Peterson, F. O. Zuloaga, T. S. Filgueiras, E. J. Judziewicz & O. N. Morrone (eds.) Internet Cat. New World Grasses. Missouri Botanical Garden, St. Louis.
- United States Maryland: Fernald, M. 1950. Manual (ed. 8) i–lxiv, 1–1632. American Book Co., New York.
- United States Maryland: Small, J. K. 1933. Man. S.E. Fl. i–xxii, 1–1554. Published by the Author, New York.
- United States Maryland: Godfrey, R. K. & J. W. Wooten. 1979. Aquatic Wetland Pl. S.E. U.S. Monocot. 1–712. The University of Georgia Press, Athens.
- United States Missouri: Great Plains Flora Association. 1986. Fl. Great Plains i–vii, 1–1392. University Press of Kansas, Lawrence.
- United States Missouri: Fernald, M. 1950. Manual (ed. 8) i–lxiv, 1–1632. American Book Co., New York.
- United States Missouri: Gleason, H. A. & A.J. Cronquist. 1968. The Pteridophytoa, Gymnospermae and Monocotyledoneae. 1: 1–482. In H. A. Gleason Ill. Fl. N. U.S. (ed. 3). New York Botanical Garden, New York.
- United States Missouri: Small, J. K. 1933. Man. S.E. Fl. i–xxii, 1–1554. Published by the Author, New York.
- United States Missouri: Soreng, R. J. 2003. Phalaris. In Catalogue of New World Grasses (Poaceae): IV. Subfamily Pooideae. Contr. U.S. Natl. Herb. 48: 479–488.
- United States Missouri: Baldini, R. M. 1995. Revision of the genus Phalaris L. (Gramineae). Webbia 49(2): 265–329.
- United States Missouri: Soreng, R. J., G. Davidse, P. M. Peterson, F. O. Zuloaga, E. J. Judziewicz, T. S. Filgueiras & O. N. Morrone. 2003 and onwards. On-line taxonomic novelties and updates, distributional additions and corrections, and editorial changes since the four published volumes of the Catalogue of New World Grasses (Poaceae) published in Contr. U.S. Natl. Herb. vols. 39, 41, 46, and 48. http://www.tropicos.org/Project/CNWG:. In R. J. Soreng, G. Davidse, P. M. Peterson, F. O. Zuloaga, T. S. Filgueiras, E. J. Judziewicz & O. N. Morrone (eds.) Internet Cat. New World Grasses. Missouri Botanical Garden, St. Louis.
- United States Mississippi: Radford, A. E., H. E. Ahles & C. R. Bell. 1968. Man. Vasc. Fl. Carolinas i–lxi, 1–1183. University of North Carolina Press, Chapel Hill.
- United States Mississippi: Soreng, R. J. 2003. Phalaris. In Catalogue of New World Grasses (Poaceae): IV. Subfamily Pooideae. Contr. U.S. Natl. Herb. 48: 479–488.
- United States Mississippi: Baldini, R. M. 1995. Revision of the genus Phalaris L. (Gramineae). Webbia 49(2): 265–329.
- United States Mississippi: Soreng, R. J., G. Davidse, P. M. Peterson, F. O. Zuloaga, E. J. Judziewicz, T. S. Filgueiras & O. N. Morrone. 2003 and onwards. On-line taxonomic novelties and updates, distributional additions and corrections, and editorial changes since the four published volumes of the Catalogue of New World Grasses (Poaceae) published in Contr. U.S. Natl. Herb. vols. 39, 41, 46, and 48. http://www.tropicos.org/Project/CNWG:. In R. J. Soreng, G. Davidse, P. M. Peterson, F. O. Zuloaga, T. S. Filgueiras, E. J. Judziewicz & O. N. Morrone (eds.) Internet Cat. New World Grasses. Missouri Botanical Garden, St. Louis.
- United States North Carolina: Radford, A. E., H. E. Ahles & C. R. Bell. 1968. Man. Vasc. Fl. Carolinas i–lxi, 1–1183. University of North Carolina Press, Chapel Hill.
- United States North Carolina: Gleason, H. A. & A.J. Cronquist. 1968. The Pteridophytoa, Gymnospermae and Monocotyledoneae. 1: 1–482. In H. A. Gleason Ill. Fl. N. U.S. (ed. 3). New York Botanical Garden, New York.
- United States North Carolina: Godfrey, R. K. & J. W. Wooten. 1979. Aquatic Wetland Pl. S.E. U.S. Monocot. 1–712. The University of Georgia Press, Athens.
- United States North Carolina: Soreng, R. J. 2003. Phalaris. In Catalogue of New World Grasses (Poaceae): IV. Subfamily Pooideae. Contr. U.S. Natl. Herb. 48: 479–488.
- United States North Carolina: Baldini, R. M. 1995. Revision of the genus Phalaris L. (Gramineae). Webbia 49(2): 265–329.
- United States North Carolina: Soreng, R. J., G. Davidse, P. M. Peterson, F. O. Zuloaga, E. J. Judziewicz, T. S. Filgueiras & O. N. Morrone. 2003 and onwards. On-line taxonomic novelties and updates, distributional additions and corrections, and editorial changes since the four published volumes of the Catalogue of New World Grasses (Poaceae) published in Contr. U.S. Natl. Herb. vols. 39, 41, 46, and 48. http://www.tropicos.org/Project/CNWG:. In R. J. Soreng, G. Davidse, P. M. Peterson, F. O. Zuloaga, T. S. Filgueiras, E. J. Judziewicz & O. N. Morrone (eds.) Internet Cat. New World Grasses. Missouri Botanical Garden, St. Louis.
- United States New Mexico: Correll, D. S. & M. C. Johnston. 1970. Man. Vasc. Pl. Texas i–xv, 1–1881. The University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson.
- United States New Mexico: Soreng, R. J. 2003. Phalaris. In Catalogue of New World Grasses (Poaceae): IV. Subfamily Pooideae. Contr. U.S. Natl. Herb. 48: 479–488.
- United States New Mexico: Baldini, R. M. 1995. Revision of the genus Phalaris L. (Gramineae). Webbia 49(2): 265–329.
- United States New Mexico: Soreng, R. J., G. Davidse, P. M. Peterson, F. O. Zuloaga, E. J. Judziewicz, T. S. Filgueiras & O. N. Morrone. 2003 and onwards. On-line taxonomic novelties and updates, distributional additions and corrections, and editorial changes since the four published volumes of the Catalogue of New World Grasses (Poaceae) published in Contr. U.S. Natl. Herb. vols. 39, 41, 46, and 48. http://www.tropicos.org/Project/CNWG:. In R. J. Soreng, G. Davidse, P. M. Peterson, F. O. Zuloaga, T. S. Filgueiras, E. J. Judziewicz & O. N. Morrone (eds.) Internet Cat. New World Grasses. Missouri Botanical Garden, St. Louis.
- United States Nevada: Correll, D. S. & M. C. Johnston. 1970. Man. Vasc. Pl. Texas i–xv, 1–1881. The University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson.
- United States Nevada: Godfrey, R. K. & J. W. Wooten. 1979. Aquatic Wetland Pl. S.E. U.S. Monocot. 1–712. The University of Georgia Press, Athens.
- United States Nevada: Soreng, R. J. 2003. Phalaris. In Catalogue of New World Grasses (Poaceae): IV. Subfamily Pooideae. Contr. U.S. Natl. Herb. 48: 479–488.
- United States Nevada: Baldini, R. M. 1995. Revision of the genus Phalaris L. (Gramineae). Webbia 49(2): 265–329.
- United States Nevada: Soreng, R. J., G. Davidse, P. M. Peterson, F. O. Zuloaga, E. J. Judziewicz, T. S. Filgueiras & O. N. Morrone. 2003 and onwards. On-line taxonomic novelties and updates, distributional additions and corrections, and editorial changes since the four published volumes of the Catalogue of New World Grasses (Poaceae) published in Contr. U.S. Natl. Herb. vols. 39, 41, 46, and 48. http://www.tropicos.org/Project/CNWG:. In R. J. Soreng, G. Davidse, P. M. Peterson, F. O. Zuloaga, T. S. Filgueiras, E. J. Judziewicz & O. N. Morrone (eds.) Internet Cat. New World Grasses. Missouri Botanical Garden, St. Louis.
- United States Ohio: Soreng, R. J. 2003. Phalaris. In Catalogue of New World Grasses (Poaceae): IV. Subfamily Pooideae. Contr. U.S. Natl. Herb. 48: 479–488.
- United States Ohio: Soreng, R. J., G. Davidse, P. M. Peterson, F. O. Zuloaga, E. J. Judziewicz, T. S. Filgueiras & O. N. Morrone. 2003 and onwards. On-line taxonomic novelties and updates, distributional additions and corrections, and editorial changes since the four published volumes of the Catalogue of New World Grasses (Poaceae) published in Contr. U.S. Natl. Herb. vols. 39, 41, 46, and 48. http://www.tropicos.org/Project/CNWG:. In R. J. Soreng, G. Davidse, P. M. Peterson, F. O. Zuloaga, T. S. Filgueiras, E. J. Judziewicz & O. N. Morrone (eds.) Internet Cat. New World Grasses. Missouri Botanical Garden, St. Louis.
- United States Oklahoma: Great Plains Flora Association. 1986. Fl. Great Plains i–vii, 1–1392. University Press of Kansas, Lawrence.
- United States Oklahoma: Fernald, M. 1950. Manual (ed. 8) i–lxiv, 1–1632. American Book Co., New York.
- United States Oklahoma: Correll, D. S. & M. C. Johnston. 1970. Man. Vasc. Pl. Texas i–xv, 1–1881. The University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson.
- United States Oklahoma: Soreng, R. J. 2003. Phalaris. In Catalogue of New World Grasses (Poaceae): IV. Subfamily Pooideae. Contr. U.S. Natl. Herb. 48: 479–488.
- United States Oklahoma: Baldini, R. M. 1995. Revision of the genus Phalaris L. (Gramineae). Webbia 49(2): 265–329.
- United States Oklahoma: Soreng, R. J., G. Davidse, P. M. Peterson, F. O. Zuloaga, E. J. Judziewicz, T. S. Filgueiras & O. N. Morrone. 2003 and onwards. On-line taxonomic novelties and updates, distributional additions and corrections, and editorial changes since the four published volumes of the Catalogue of New World Grasses (Poaceae) published in Contr. U.S. Natl. Herb. vols. 39, 41, 46, and 48. http://www.tropicos.org/Project/CNWG:. In R. J. Soreng, G. Davidse, P. M. Peterson, F. O. Zuloaga, T. S. Filgueiras, E. J. Judziewicz & O. N. Morrone (eds.) Internet Cat. New World Grasses. Missouri Botanical Garden, St. Louis.
- United States Oregon: Great Plains Flora Association. 1986. Fl. Great Plains i–vii, 1–1392. University Press of Kansas, Lawrence.
- United States Oregon: Correll, D. S. & M. C. Johnston. 1970. Man. Vasc. Pl. Texas i–xv, 1–1881. The University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson.
- United States Oregon: Anderson, D.E. 1961. Taxonomy and distribution of the genus Phalaris. Iowa State Coll. J. Sci. 36(1): 1–96.
- United States Oregon: Soreng, R. J. 2003. Phalaris. In Catalogue of New World Grasses (Poaceae): IV. Subfamily Pooideae. Contr. U.S. Natl. Herb. 48: 479–488.
- United States Oregon: Baldini, R. M. 1995. Revision of the genus Phalaris L. (Gramineae). Webbia 49(2): 265–329.
- United States Oregon: Soreng, R. J., G. Davidse, P. M. Peterson, F. O. Zuloaga, E. J. Judziewicz, T. S. Filgueiras & O. N. Morrone. 2003 and onwards. On-line taxonomic novelties and updates, distributional additions and corrections, and editorial changes since the four published volumes of the Catalogue of New World Grasses (Poaceae) published in Contr. U.S. Natl. Herb. vols. 39, 41, 46, and 48. http://www.tropicos.org/Project/CNWG:. In R. J. Soreng, G. Davidse, P. M. Peterson, F. O. Zuloaga, T. S. Filgueiras, E. J. Judziewicz & O. N. Morrone (eds.) Internet Cat. New World Grasses. Missouri Botanical Garden, St. Louis.
- United States South Carolina: Radford, A. E., H. E. Ahles & C. R. Bell. 1968. Man. Vasc. Fl. Carolinas i–lxi, 1–1183. University of North Carolina Press, Chapel Hill.
- United States South Carolina: Soreng, R. J. 2003. Phalaris. In Catalogue of New World Grasses (Poaceae): IV. Subfamily Pooideae. Contr. U.S. Natl. Herb. 48: 479–488.
- United States South Carolina: Baldini, R. M. 1995. Revision of the genus Phalaris L. (Gramineae). Webbia 49(2): 265–329.
- United States South Carolina: Beetle, A.A. 1999. Gram. México 5: 1–466. Secretaria de Agricultura y Recursos Hidraulícos: COTECOCA, México.
- United States South Carolina: Soreng, R. J., G. Davidse, P. M. Peterson, F. O. Zuloaga, E. J. Judziewicz, T. S. Filgueiras & O. N. Morrone. 2003 and onwards. On-line taxonomic novelties and updates, distributional additions and corrections, and editorial changes since the four published volumes of the Catalogue of New World Grasses (Poaceae) published in Contr. U.S. Natl. Herb. vols. 39, 41, 46, and 48. http://www.tropicos.org/Project/CNWG:. In R. J. Soreng, G. Davidse, P. M. Peterson, F. O. Zuloaga, T. S. Filgueiras, E. J. Judziewicz & O. N. Morrone (eds.) Internet Cat. New World Grasses. Missouri Botanical Garden, St. Louis.
- United States Tennessee: Radford, A. E., H. E. Ahles & C. R. Bell. 1968. Man. Vasc. Fl. Carolinas i–lxi, 1–1183. University of North Carolina Press, Chapel Hill.
- United States Tennessee: Fernald, M. 1950. Manual (ed. 8) i–lxiv, 1–1632. American Book Co., New York.
- United States Tennessee: Anderson, D.E. 1961. Taxonomy and distribution of the genus Phalaris. Iowa State Coll. J. Sci. 36(1): 1–96.
- United States Tennessee: Soreng, R. J. 2003. Phalaris. In Catalogue of New World Grasses (Poaceae): IV. Subfamily Pooideae. Contr. U.S. Natl. Herb. 48: 479–488.
- United States Tennessee: Soreng, R. J., G. Davidse, P. M. Peterson, F. O. Zuloaga, E. J. Judziewicz, T. S. Filgueiras & O. N. Morrone. 2003 and onwards. On-line taxonomic novelties and updates, distributional additions and corrections, and editorial changes since the four published volumes of the Catalogue of New World Grasses (Poaceae) published in Contr. U.S. Natl. Herb. vols. 39, 41, 46, and 48. http://www.tropicos.org/Project/CNWG:. In R. J. Soreng, G. Davidse, P. M. Peterson, F. O. Zuloaga, T. S. Filgueiras, E. J. Judziewicz & O. N. Morrone (eds.) Internet Cat. New World Grasses. Missouri Botanical Garden, St. Louis.
- United States Texas: Great Plains Flora Association. 1986. Fl. Great Plains i–vii, 1–1392. University Press of Kansas, Lawrence.
- United States Texas: Fernald, M. 1950. Manual (ed. 8) i–lxiv, 1–1632. American Book Co., New York.
- United States Texas: Correll, D. S. & M. C. Johnston. 1970. Man. Vasc. Pl. Texas i–xv, 1–1881. The University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson.
- United States Texas: Small, J. K. 1933. Man. S.E. Fl. i–xxii, 1–1554. Published by the Author, New York.
- United States Texas: Soreng, R. J. 2003. Phalaris. In Catalogue of New World Grasses (Poaceae): IV. Subfamily Pooideae. Contr. U.S. Natl. Herb. 48: 479–488.
- United States Texas: Baldini, R. M. 1995. Revision of the genus Phalaris L. (Gramineae). Webbia 49(2): 265–329.
- United States Texas: Soreng, R. J., G. Davidse, P. M. Peterson, F. O. Zuloaga, E. J. Judziewicz, T. S. Filgueiras & O. N. Morrone. 2003 and onwards. On-line taxonomic novelties and updates, distributional additions and corrections, and editorial changes since the four published volumes of the Catalogue of New World Grasses (Poaceae) published in Contr. U.S. Natl. Herb. vols. 39, 41, 46, and 48. http://www.tropicos.org/Project/CNWG:. In R. J. Soreng, G. Davidse, P. M. Peterson, F. O. Zuloaga, T. S. Filgueiras, E. J. Judziewicz & O. N. Morrone (eds.) Internet Cat. New World Grasses. Missouri Botanical Garden, St. Louis.
- United States Utah: Soreng, R. J. 2003. Phalaris. In Catalogue of New World Grasses (Poaceae): IV. Subfamily Pooideae. Contr. U.S. Natl. Herb. 48: 479–488.
- United States Utah: Baldini, R. M. 1995. Revision of the genus Phalaris L. (Gramineae). Webbia 49(2): 265–329.
- United States Utah: Soreng, R. J., G. Davidse, P. M. Peterson, F. O. Zuloaga, E. J. Judziewicz, T. S. Filgueiras & O. N. Morrone. 2003 and onwards. On-line taxonomic novelties and updates, distributional additions and corrections, and editorial changes since the four published volumes of the Catalogue of New World Grasses (Poaceae) published in Contr. U.S. Natl. Herb. vols. 39, 41, 46, and 48. http://www.tropicos.org/Project/CNWG:. In R. J. Soreng, G. Davidse, P. M. Peterson, F. O. Zuloaga, T. S. Filgueiras, E. J. Judziewicz & O. N. Morrone (eds.) Internet Cat. New World Grasses. Missouri Botanical Garden, St. Louis.
- United States Virginia: Radford, A. E., H. E. Ahles & C. R. Bell. 1968. Man. Vasc. Fl. Carolinas i–lxi, 1–1183. University of North Carolina Press, Chapel Hill.
- United States Virginia: Great Plains Flora Association. 1986. Fl. Great Plains i–vii, 1–1392. University Press of Kansas, Lawrence.
- United States Virginia: Correll, D. S. & M. C. Johnston. 1970. Man. Vasc. Pl. Texas i–xv, 1–1881. The University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson.
- United States Virginia: Gleason, H. A. & A.J. Cronquist. 1968. The Pteridophytoa, Gymnospermae and Monocotyledoneae. 1: 1–482. In H. A. Gleason Ill. Fl. N. U.S. (ed. 3). New York Botanical Garden, New York.
- United States Virginia: Godfrey, R. K. & J. W. Wooten. 1979. Aquatic Wetland Pl. S.E. U.S. Monocot. 1–712. The University of Georgia Press, Athens.
- United States Virginia: Anderson, D.E. 1961. Taxonomy and distribution of the genus Phalaris. Iowa State Coll. J. Sci. 36(1): 1–96.
- United States Virginia: Soreng, R. J. 2003. Phalaris. In Catalogue of New World Grasses (Poaceae): IV. Subfamily Pooideae. Contr. U.S. Natl. Herb. 48: 479–488.
- United States Virginia: Baldini, R. M. 1995. Revision of the genus Phalaris L. (Gramineae). Webbia 49(2): 265–329.
- United States Virginia: Soreng, R. J., G. Davidse, P. M. Peterson, F. O. Zuloaga, E. J. Judziewicz, T. S. Filgueiras & O. N. Morrone. 2003 and onwards. On-line taxonomic novelties and updates, distributional additions and corrections, and editorial changes since the four published volumes of the Catalogue of New World Grasses (Poaceae) published in Contr. U.S. Natl. Herb. vols. 39, 41, 46, and 48. http://www.tropicos.org/Project/CNWG:. In R. J. Soreng, G. Davidse, P. M. Peterson, F. O. Zuloaga, T. S. Filgueiras, E. J. Judziewicz & O. N. Morrone (eds.) Internet Cat. New World Grasses. Missouri Botanical Garden, St. Louis.
Caribbean
- Caribbean Puerto Rico: Soreng, R. J. 2003. Phalaris. In Catalogue of New World Grasses (Poaceae): IV. Subfamily Pooideae. Contr. U.S. Natl. Herb. 48: 479–488.
- Caribbean Puerto Rico: Baldini, R. M. 1995. Revision of the genus Phalaris L. (Gramineae). Webbia 49(2): 265–329.
- Caribbean Puerto Rico: Soreng, R. J., G. Davidse, P. M. Peterson, F. O. Zuloaga, E. J. Judziewicz, T. S. Filgueiras & O. N. Morrone. 2003 and onwards. On-line taxonomic novelties and updates, distributional additions and corrections, and editorial changes since the four published volumes of the Catalogue of New World Grasses (Poaceae) published in Contr. U.S. Natl. Herb. vols. 39, 41, 46, and 48. http://www.tropicos.org/Project/CNWG:. In R. J. Soreng, G. Davidse, P. M. Peterson, F. O. Zuloaga, T. S. Filgueiras, E. J. Judziewicz & O. N. Morrone (eds.) Internet Cat. New World Grasses. Missouri Botanical Garden, St. Louis.
North America
- United States Alabama Montgomery: Anderson, D.E. 1961. Taxonomy and distribution of the genus Phalaris. Iowa State Coll. J. Sci. 36(1): 1–96.
- United States Arkansas Sebastian: Anderson, D.E. 1961. Taxonomy and distribution of the genus Phalaris. Iowa State Coll. J. Sci. 36(1): 1–96.
- United States Arizona Cochise: Anderson, D.E. 1961. Taxonomy and distribution of the genus Phalaris. Iowa State Coll. J. Sci. 36(1): 1–96.
- United States California Butte: Anderson, D.E. 1961. Taxonomy and distribution of the genus Phalaris. Iowa State Coll. J. Sci. 36(1): 1–96.
- United States Georgia Clarke: Anderson, D.E. 1961. Taxonomy and distribution of the genus Phalaris. Iowa State Coll. J. Sci. 36(1): 1–96.
- United States Kansas Neosho: Anderson, D.E. 1961. Taxonomy and distribution of the genus Phalaris. Iowa State Coll. J. Sci. 36(1): 1–96.
- United States Louisiana Jefferson: Anderson, D.E. 1961. Taxonomy and distribution of the genus Phalaris. Iowa State Coll. J. Sci. 36(1): 1–96.
- United States Missouri Jasper: Anderson, D.E. 1961. Taxonomy and distribution of the genus Phalaris. Iowa State Coll. J. Sci. 36(1): 1–96.
- United States Mississippi Jackson: Anderson, D.E. 1961. Taxonomy and distribution of the genus Phalaris. Iowa State Coll. J. Sci. 36(1): 1–96.
- United States North Carolina New Hanover: Anderson, D.E. 1961. Taxonomy and distribution of the genus Phalaris. Iowa State Coll. J. Sci. 36(1): 1–96.
- United States New Mexico Grant: Anderson, D.E. 1961. Taxonomy and distribution of the genus Phalaris. Iowa State Coll. J. Sci. 36(1): 1–96.
- United States Nevada Lincoln: Anderson, D.E. 1961. Taxonomy and distribution of the genus Phalaris. Iowa State Coll. J. Sci. 36(1): 1–96.
- United States Oklahoma Kingfisher: Anderson, D.E. 1961. Taxonomy and distribution of the genus Phalaris. Iowa State Coll. J. Sci. 36(1): 1–96.
- United States South Carolina Georgetown: Anderson, D.E. 1961. Taxonomy and distribution of the genus Phalaris. Iowa State Coll. J. Sci. 36(1): 1–96.
- United States South Carolina McCormick: Anderson, D.E. 1961. Taxonomy and distribution of the genus Phalaris. Iowa State Coll. J. Sci. 36(1): 1–96.
- United States Texas Mitchell: Anderson, D.E. 1961. Taxonomy and distribution of the genus Phalaris. Iowa State Coll. J. Sci. 36(1): 1–96.