Group: Dicot Rank: genus Herbarium Placement: Monsanto, 2nd, A, 169

Authors:

Linnaeus, Carl von

Published In: Species Plantarum 1: 195–196. 1753. (1 May 1753) (Sp. Pl.)
Type Specimens

• LT: Ceanothus americanus L. LT designated by Britton & Brown, Ill. Fl. N.E. U.S., ed. 2, 2: 504 (1913)

Higher Taxa:     Taxonomy Browser
Concept: Andean Bryophytes Bolivia Checklist Catalogue of New World Grasses Ecuador Catalogue Flora Mesoamericana Madagascar Catalogue Moss Flora of China Peru Checklist System    details

• class:  Equisetopsida C. Agardh
• subclass:  Magnoliidae Novák ex Takht.
• superorder:  Rosanae Takht.
• order:  Rosales Bercht. & J. Presl
• family:  Rhamnaceae Juss.

Projects: Bolivia , Flora of Panama , IPCN , Madagascar , Mesoamericana , Missouri , Nicaragua , Pakistan , SNR

Common Names:

• red-root (English, United States)
  • Brako, L., A.Y. Rossman & D.F. Farr. 1995. Sci. Comm. Names 1–294.

Keywords: BCA, FNA
Images:

Monro - 5258 - Panama Monro - 5258 - Panama

Accepted By:

• Johnston, M. C. 2001. Rhamnaceae. En: Stevens, W.D., C. Ulloa, A. Pool & O.M. Montiel (eds.), Flora de Nicaragua. Monogr. Syst. Bot. Missouri Bot. Gard. 85(3): 2192–2200.
• Standley, P. C. & J. A. Steyermark. 1949. Rhamnaceae. In Standley, P.C. & Steyermark, J.A. (Eds), Flora of Guatemala - Part VI. Fieldiana, Bot. 24(6): 277–293.
• Stevens, W. D., C. Ulloa Ulloa, A. Pool & O. M. Montiel Jarquín. 2001. Flora de Nicaragua. Monogr. Syst. Bot. Missouri Bot. Gard. 85: i–xlii,.

• Ceanothus africanus L. Species Plantarum 1: 196. 1753. (1 May 1753) (Sp. Pl.)
  
• Ceanothus alamani DC. Prodromus Systematis Naturalis Regni Vegetabilis 2: 31. 1825. (Nov 1825) (Prodr.)
  
• Ceanothus americanus L. Species Plantarum 1: 195–196. 1753. (1 May 1753) (Sp. Pl.)
  
• Ceanothus andersonii Parry Proceedings of the Davenport Academy of Natural Sciences 5(1): 172. 1889. (Proc. Davenport Acad. Nat. Sci.)
  
• Ceanothus arborescens Mill. The Gardeners Dictionary: . . . eighth edition Ceanothus no. 3. 1768. (Gard. Dict. (ed. 8))
  
• Ceanothus arboreus Greene Bulletin of the California Academy of Sciences 2(6B): 144. 1886. (Bull. Calif. Acad. Sci.)
  
• Ceanothus arcuatus McMinn Ceanothus 247–248, f. 82. 1942. (Ceanothus)
  
• Ceanothus × arcuatus McMinn Ceanothus 247. 1942. (Ceanothus)
  
• Ceanothus asiaticus L. Species Plantarum 1: 196. 1753. (1 May 1753) (Sp. Pl.)
  
• Ceanothus australis Rose Contributions from the United States National Herbarium 12(7): 283. 1909. (12 Apr 1909) (Contr. U.S. Natl. Herb.)
  
• Ceanothus austromontanus Abrams Bulletin of the New York Botanical Garden 6(21): 412–413. 1910. (Bull. New York Bot. Gard.)
  
• **Ceanothus azureus Desf. Tableau de l'École de Botanique 232. 1815. (Tabl. École Bot. (ed. 2))
  
• !Ceanothus azureus Desf. ex DC. Prodromus Systematis Naturalis Regni Vegetabilis 2: 31. 1825. (Nov 1825) (Prodr.)
  
• Ceanothus azureus Kellogg Proceedings of the California Academy of Sciences 1: 55. 1855. (Proc. Calif. Acad. Sci.)
  
• Ceanothus × bakeri Greene ex McMinn Ceanothus 276. 1942. (Ceanothus)
  
• Ceanothus bicolor Willd. ex Roem. & Schult. Systema Vegetabilium 5: 300. 1819. (Syst. Veg.)
  
• Ceanothus bolensis S. Boyd & J. E. Keeley Madroño 49(4): 291–293, f. 3. 2002[2003]. (Madroño)
  
• Ceanothus buxifolius Willd. ex Schult. f. Systema Vegetabilium 5: 300. 1819. (Syst. Veg.)
  
• *Ceanothus buxifolius Willd. ex Kunth Nova Genera et Species Plantarum (quarto ed.) 7: 62, t. 615. 1824. (20 Dec 1824) (Nov. Gen. Sp. (quarto ed.))
  
• Ceanothus caeruleus Lag. Genera et species plantarum 11. 1816. (Gen. Sp. Pl.)
  
• Ceanothus californicus Kellogg Proceedings of the California Academy of Sciences 1: 55. 1855. (Proc. Calif. Acad. Sci.)
  
• Ceanothus californicus Keller ex K. Brandegee Proceedings of the California Academy of Sciences II, 4: 181. 1894. (Proc. Calif. Acad. Sci.)
  
• Ceanothus candolleanus Rose Contributions from the United States National Herbarium 12(7): 283–284. 1909. (12 Apr 1909) (Contr. U.S. Natl. Herb.)
  
• Ceanothus capsularis G. Forst. Florulae Insularum Australium Prodromus 18. 1786. (Fl. Ins. Austr.)
  
• Ceanothus subgen. Ceanothus
• Ceanothus celtidifolius Schltdl. & Cham. Linnaea 5: 602. 1830. (Linnaea)
  
• Ceanothus sect. Cerastes S. Watson Proceedings of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences 10: 338. 1875. (Proc. Amer. Acad. Arts)
  
• Ceanothus subgen. Cerastes (S. Watson) Weberb. Die Natürlichen Pflanzenfamilien 3(5): 414. 1896. (Nat. Pflanzenfam.)
  
• Ceanothus circumscissus (L. f.) Gaertn. De Fructibus et Seminibus Plantarum. . . . 2: 110, pl. 106. (Fruct. Sem. Pl.)
  
• **Ceanothus coeruleus Lag. Genera et species plantarum 11. 1816. (Gen. Sp. Pl.)
  
• Ceanothus colubrinus Lam. Tableau Encyclopédique et Methodique ... Botanique 2: 90. (Tabl. Encycl.)
  
• Ceanothus confusus J.T. Howell Leaflets of Western Botany 2(9): 160–162. 1939. (Leafl. W. Bot.)
  
• Ceanothus × connivens Greene Pittonia 2(7A): 16. 1889. (Pittonia)
  
• Ceanothus cordulatus Kellogg Proceedings of the California Academy of Sciences 2: 124–125, f. 39. 1863. (Proc. Calif. Acad. Sci.)
  
• Ceanothus crassifolius Torr. Reports of explorations and surveys : to ascertain the most practicable and economical route for a railroad from the Mississippi River to the Pacific Ocean, made under the direction of the Secretary of War 4(5): 75. 1857. (Pacif. Railr. Rep.)
  
• Ceanothus cubensis (Jacq.) Lam. Tableau Encyclopédique et Methodique ... Botanique 2: 90. 1793. (Tabl. Encycl.)
  
• Ceanothus cuneatus (Hook.) Nutt. A Flora of North America: containing . . . 1(2): 267. 1838. (Fl. N. Amer.)
  
• Ceanothus cyaneus Eastw. Proceedings of the California Academy of Sciences, Series 4, 16(11): 361–362. 1927. (Proc. Calif. Acad. Sci., ser. 4,)
  
• **Ceanothus decumbens hort. ex Steud. Nomenclator Botanicus. Editio secunda 1: 313. 1840. (Nomencl. Bot. (ed. 2))
  
• Ceanothus decumbens S. Watson Proceedings of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences 10: 335–336. 1875. (Proc. Amer. Acad. Arts)
  
• Ceanothus × delilianus Spach Histoire Naturelle des Végétaux. Phanérogames 2: 459. 1834. (Hist. Nat. Vég.)
  
• Ceanothus dentatus Torr. & A. Gray A Flora of North America: containing . . . 1(2): 268. 1838. (Fl. N. Amer.)
  
• Ceanothus depressus Benth. Plantas Hartwegianas imprimis Mexicanas 8. 1839. (Pl. Hartw.)
  
• Ceanothus dillenianus K. Koch Dendrologie 1: 620. 1869. (Dendrologie)
  
• *Ceanothus divaricatus Bol. A Catalogue of the Plants growing in the Vicinity of San Francisco 8. 1870. (Cat. Pl. San Francisco)
  
• Ceanothus divaricatus Nutt. A Flora of North America: containing . . . 1(2): 266–267. 1838. (Fl. N. Amer.)
  
• Ceanothus divergens Parry Proceedings of the Davenport Academy of Natural Sciences 5(1): 173–174. 1889. (Proc. Davenport Acad. Nat. Sci.)
  
• **Ceanothus divergens Poepp. ex Endl. Genera Plantarum 1099. 1840. (Gen. Pl.)
  
• Ceanothus diversifolius Kellogg Proceedings of the California Academy of Sciences 1: 57. 1855. (Proc. Calif. Acad. Sci.)
  
• Ceanothus durangoinus Loes. Repertorium Specierum Novarum Regni Vegetabilis 8: 297. 1910. (Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg.)
  
• Ceanothus eglandulosus (Torr.) Trel. Proceedings of the California Academy of Sciences, Series 2, 1(8): 110. 1888. (Proc. Calif. Acad. Sci., ser. 2,)
  
• Ceanothus elegans Lem. L'illustration horticole 7: t. 268. 1860. (Ill. Hort.)
  
• Ceanothus ellipticus Raf. New Flora and Botany of North America . . . 3: 56. 1838. (New Fl.)
  
• Ceanothus endlichii Loes. Repertorium Specierum Novarum Regni Vegetabilis 8: 298. 1910. (Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg.)
  
• Ceanothus excelsus (Fenzl) Steud.
• Ceanothus fendleri A. Gray Memoirs of the American Academy of Arts and Science, new series 4(1): 29. 1849. (Mem. Amer. Acad. Arts, n.s.)
  
• Ceanothus ferox Standl. Contributions from the United States National Herbarium 23(3): 723. 1923. (18 Jul 1923) (Contr. U.S. Natl. Herb.)
  
• Ceanothus ferreus (Vahl) DC. Prodromus Systematis Naturalis Regni Vegetabilis 2: 30. 1825. (Prodr.)
  
• Ceanothus ferrisiae McMinn Madroño 2(11): 89–90. 1933. (Madroño)
  
• Ceanothus flexilis McMinn Ceanothus 274, f. 101. 1942. (Ceanothus)
  
• Ceanothus × flexilis McMinn Ceanothus 274. 1942. (Ceanothus)
  
• Ceanothus floribundus Hook. Botanical Magazine 80: pl. 4806. 1854. (Bot. Mag.)
  
• Ceanothus foliosus Parry Proceedings of the Davenport Academy of Natural Sciences 5(1): 172–173. 1889. (Proc. Davenport Acad. Nat. Sci.)
  
• Ceanothus fresnensis Dudley ex Abrams Botanical Gazette 53(1): 68. 1912. (Bot. Gaz.)
  
• *Ceanothus × glaber Trel. Synoptical Flora of North America 1(1): 412. 1897. (Syn. Fl. N. Amer.)
  
• *Ceanothus glaber (Michx.) Dum. Cours. Le Botaniste Cultivateur, . . . ed. 2, 6: 268. 1811. (Bot. Cult.)
  
• Ceanothus glandulosus Raf. New Flora and Botany of North America . . . 3: 57. 1838. (New Fl.)
  
• Ceanothus glandulosus Schltdl. Linnaea 15: 474. 1841. (Linnaea)
  
• Ceanothus globulosus Labill. Novae Hollandiae Plantarum Specimen 1: 61, t. 85. (Nov. Holl. Pl.)
  
• Ceanothus glomeratus Raf. New Flora and Botany of North America . . . 3: 55. 1838. (New Fl.)
  
• Ceanothus gloriosus J.T. Howell Leaflets of Western Botany 2(3): 43–45. 1937. (Leafl. W. Bot.)
  
• Ceanothus goldmanii Rose Contributions from the United States National Herbarium 12(7): 284. 1909. (12 Apr 1909) (Contr. U.S. Natl. Herb.)
  
• Ceanothus grandis Douglas ex Hook. Flora Boreali-Americana 1: 125. 1831. (Fl. Bor.-Amer.)
  
• Ceanothus granulosus Ruiz & Pav. Flora Peruviana, et Chilensis 3: 5 t. 228, f.a. 1802. (Fl. Peruv.)
  
• Ceanothus greggii A. Gray Smithsonian Contributions to Knowledge 5(6): 28. 1853. (Smithsonian Contr. Knowl.)
  
• Ceanothus griseus (Trel.) McMinn Ceanothus 210, 212. 1942. (Ceanothus)
  
• Ceanothus guineensis DC. Prodromus Systematis Naturalis Regni Vegetabilis 2: 30. 1825. (Prodr.)
  
• Ceanothus hearstiorum Hoover & Roof Four Seasons 2(1): 4–5. 1966. (Four Seasons)
  
• Ceanothus herbaceus Raf. Medical Repository, ser. 2, 5: 360. 1808. (Med. Repos., ser. 2,)
  
• Ceanothus hirsutus Nutt. A Flora of North America: containing . . . 1(2): 266. 1838. (Fl. N. Amer.)
  
• Ceanothus huichagorare Loes. Repertorium Specierum Novarum Regni Vegetabilis 8: 298. 1910. (Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg.)
  
• Ceanothus × humboldtensis Roof Four Seasons 4(3): 21, f. 12. 1973. (Four Seasons)
  
• Ceanothus hybridus K. Koch Dendrologie 1: 620. 1869. (Dendrologie)
  
• Ceanothus hypericoides L'Hér. ex DC. Prodromus Systematis Naturalis Regni Vegetabilis 2: 32. 1825. (Prodr.)
  
• Ceanothus impressus Trel. Proceedings of the California Academy of Sciences, Series 2, 1(8): 112. 1888. (Proc. Calif. Acad. Sci., ser. 2,)
  
• Ceanothus incanus Torr. & A. Gray A Flora of North America: containing . . . 1(2): 265–266. 1838. (Fl. N. Amer.)
  
• Ceanothus infestus Kunth Nova Genera et Species Plantarum (quarto ed.) 7: 61–62, pl. 614. 1824. (20 Dec 1824) (Nov. Gen. Sp. (quarto ed.))
  
• Ceanothus insularis Eastw. Proceedings of the California Academy of Sciences, Series 4, 16(11): 362–363. 1927. (Proc. Calif. Acad. Sci., ser. 4,)
  
• Ceanothus integerrimus Hook. & Arn. The Botany of Captain Beechey's Voyage 329. 1841[1838]. (Dec 1838) (Bot. Beechey Voy.)
  
• Ceanothus intermedius Pursh Flora Americae Septentrionalis; or, . . . 1: 167. 1814[1813]. (Fl. Amer. Sept.)
  
• Ceanothus intricatus Parry Proceedings of the Davenport Academy of Natural Sciences 5(1): 168. 1889. (Proc. Davenport Acad. Nat. Sci.)
  
• Ceanothus jepsonii Greene Manual of the Botany of the Region of San Francisco Bay 78. 1894. (Man. Bot. San Francisco Bay)
  
• Ceanothus laevigatus (Vahl) DC. Prodromus Systematis Naturalis Regni Vegetabilis 2: 30. 1825. (Prodr.)
  
• *Ceanothus laevigatus Hook. Flora Boreali-Americana 1(3): 125. 1831. (Fl. Bor.-Amer.)
  
• Ceanothus lanuginosus (M.E. Jones) Rose Contributions from the United States National Herbarium 12(7): 284. 1909. (12 Apr 1909) (Contr. U.S. Natl. Herb.)
  
• Ceanothus latifolius Raf. New Flora and Botany of North America . . . 3: 55. 1838. (New Fl.)
  
• Ceanothus lemmonii Parry Proceedings of the Davenport Academy of Natural Sciences 5(2): 192–193. 1889. (Proc. Davenport Acad. Nat. Sci.)
  
• Ceanothus leucodermis Greene Bulletin of Miscellaneous Information Kew 1895(97): 15. 1895. (Bull. Misc. Inform. Kew)
  
• Ceanothus levigatus Raf. New Flora and Botany of North America . . . 3: 55. 1838. (New Fl.)
  
• Ceanothus lobbianus Hook. Botanical Magazine 80: pl. 4810. 1854. (Bot. Mag.)
  
• Ceanothus × lobbianus Hook. Botanical Magazine (80): pl. 4810 [as "4811"]. 1854. (Bot. Mag.)
  
• Ceanothus × lorenzenii (Jeps.) McMinn Ceanothus 267–268. 1942. (Ceanothus)
  
• Ceanothus macrocarpus Cav. Icones et Descriptiones Plantarum 3(2): 38–39, pl. 276. 1795. (Icon.)
  
• *Ceanothus macrocarpus Nutt. A Flora of North America: containing . . . 1(2): 267. 1838. (Fl. N. Amer.)
  
• **Ceanothus macrocarpus Steud. Nomenclator Botanicus ed. 2, 1: 313. 1840. (Nomencl. Bot.)
  
• Ceanothus macrophyllus Desf. Tableau de l'École de Botanique ed. 2: 232. 1815. (Tabl. École Bot.)
  
• Ceanothus macrophyllus Dippel Handbuch der Laubholzkunde 2: 533. 1891. (Handb. Laubholzk.)
  
• Ceanothus macrothyrsus (Torr.) Greene Leaflets of Botanical Observation and Criticism 1(5): 68. 1905. (Leafl. Bot. Observ. Crit.)
  
• Ceanothus maritimus Hoover Leaflets of Western Botany 7(4): 111–112. 1953. (Leafl. W. Bot.)
  
• Ceanothus martini M.E. Jones Contributions to Western Botany 8: 41–42. 1898. (Contr. W. Bot.)
  
• Ceanothus masonii McMinn Madroño 6(5): 171–173. 1942. (Madroño)
  
• Ceanothus megacarpus Nutt. The North American Sylva 2: 46. 1846. (N. Amer. Sylv.)
  
• *Ceanothus megacarpus (Nutt.) Brandegee Proceedings of the California Academy of Sciences II, 4: 205. 1894. (Proc. Calif. Acad. Sci.)
  
• Ceanothus × mendocinensis McMinn Ceanothus 266–267. 1942. (Ceanothus)
  
• Ceanothus microphyllus Michx. Flora Boreali-Americana 1: 154. 1803. (Fl. Bor.-Amer.)
  
• Ceanothus milleri Tausch Flora 21(1 Beibl.): 79. 1838. (Flora)
  
• Ceanothus mocinianus DC. Prodromus Systematis Naturalis Regni Vegetabilis 2: 32. 1825. (Nov 1825) (Prodr.)
  
• Ceanothus mogollonicus Greene Leaflets of Botanical Observation and Criticism 1(5): 67. 1904. (Leafl. Bot. Observ. Crit.)
  
• Ceanothus multiflorus Dippel Handbuch der Laubholzkunde 2: 533. 1891. (Handb. Laubholzk.)
  
• Ceanothus myrianthus Greene Leaflets of Botanical Observation and Criticism 1(5): 67. 1904. (Leafl. Bot. Observ. Crit.)
  
• Ceanothus napalensis Wall. Flora Indica; or descriptions of Indian Plants 2: 375–376. 1824. (Fl. Ind., ed. 1820)
  
• Ceanothus nevadensis Kellogg Proceedings of the California Academy of Sciences 2: 152. 1863. (Proc. Calif. Acad. Sci.)
  
• Ceanothus oblanceolatus Davidson Bulletin of the Southern California Academy of Sciences 21(2): 53, pl. s.n. [pg. 52]. 1921. (Bull. S. Calif. Acad. Sci.)
  
• Ceanothus ochracea Suess. Repertorium Specierum Novarum Regni Vegetabilis 49: 11. 1940. (Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg.)
  
• Ceanothus ochraceus Suess. Repertorium Specierum Novarum Regni Vegetabilis 49: 11. 1940. (Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg.)
  
• Ceanothus officinalis Raf. Medical Flora 2: 205. 1830. (Med. Fl.)
  
• Ceanothus oliganthus Nutt. A Flora of North America: containing . . . 1(2): 266. 1838. (Fl. N. Amer.)
  
• Ceanothus ophiochilus S. Boyd, T.S. Ross & Arnseth Phytologia 70(1): 29–39, f. 1–4. 1991. (Phytologia)
  
• Ceanothus orcuttii Parry Proceedings of the Davenport Academy of Natural Sciences 5(2): 194. 1889. (Proc. Davenport Acad. Nat. Sci.)
  
• Ceanothus oreganus Nutt. A Flora of North America: containing . . . 1(2): 265. 1838. (Fl. N. Amer.)
  
• Ceanothus otayensis McMinn Ceanothus 273–274, f. 102. 1942. (Ceanothus)
  
• Ceanothus × otayensis McMinn Ceanothus 274. 1942. (Ceanothus)
  
• Ceanothus ovalifolius Wender. Schriften Naturf. Ges. Marburg 2: 247. 1830. (Schriften Naturf. Ges. Marburg)
  
• Ceanothus ovalis Bigelow Flora Bostoniensis. . . . second edition . . . . 92. 1824. (Fl. Boston. (ed. 2))
  
• Ceanothus ovatus Desf. Histoire des arbres et arbrisseaux qui peuvent être cultivés en pleine terre sur le sol de les France 2: 381. 1809. (Hist. Arbr. France)
  
• Ceanothus ovatus Lindl. Edwards's Botanical Register 26: t. 20. 1840. (Edwards's Bot. Reg.)
  
• Ceanothus palmeri Trel. Proceedings of the California Academy of Sciences, Series 2, 1(8): 109. 1888. (Proc. Calif. Acad. Sci., ser. 2,)
  
• Ceanothus paniculatus Roth Novae Plantarum Species 154. 1821. (Nov. Pl. Sp.)
  
• Ceanothus papillosus Torr. & A. Gray A Flora of North America: containing . . . 1(2): 268. 1838. (Fl. N. Amer.)
  
• Ceanothus parryi Trel. Proceedings of the California Academy of Sciences, Series 2, 1(8): 109. 1888. (Proc. Calif. Acad. Sci., ser. 2,)
  
• !Ceanothus parvifolius (S. Watson) Trel. Proceedings of the California Academy of Sciences, Series 2, 1(8): 110. 1888. (Proc. Calif. Acad. Sci., ser. 2,)
  
• *Ceanothus parvifolius (S. Watson) Rose Contributions from the United States National Herbarium 12(7): 284. 1909. (12 Apr 1909) (Contr. U.S. Natl. Herb.)
  
• Ceanothus parvifolius Coult. Contributions from the United States National Herbarium 4: 79. 1893. (Contr. U.S. Natl. Herb.)
  
• Ceanothus pauciflorus DC. Prodromus Systematis Naturalis Regni Vegetabilis 2: 33. 1825. (Nov 1825) (Prodr.)
  
• Ceanothus peduncularis Greene Leaflets of Botanical Observation and Criticism 1(5): 67–68. 1904. (Leafl. Bot. Observ. Crit.)
  
• Ceanothus perennis Pursh Flora Americae Septentrionalis 1: 167. 1813. (Fl. Amer. Sept.)
  
• Ceanothus perplexans Trel. Synoptical Flora of North America 1(1[2]): 417. 1897. (Syn. Fl. N. Amer.)
  
• Ceanothus pinetorum Coville Contributions from the United States National Herbarium 4: 80, pl. 6. 1893. (Contr. U.S. Natl. Herb.)
  
• Ceanothus pitcheri Pickering ex Torr. & A. Gray Flora of North America North of Mexico 1: 264. 1838. (Fl. N. Amer.)
  
• Ceanothus procumbens K. Koch Dendrologie 1: 619. 1869. (Dendrologie)
  
• Ceanothus prostratus Benth. Plantas Hartwegianas imprimis Mexicanas 302. 1848[1849]. (Pl. Hartw.)
  
• Ceanothus puberulus Greene Leaflets of Botanical Observation and Criticism 1(5): 66–67. 1904. (Leafl. Bot. Observ. Crit.)
  
• !Ceanothus pubescens Ruiz & Pav. Flora Peruviana, et Chilensis 3: 6, pl. 228, f. b. 1802. (Fl. Peruv.)
  
• *Ceanothus pubescens (Torr. & A. Gray ex S. Watson) Rydb. ex Small Flora of the Southeastern United States 751, 1334. 1903. (22 Jul 1903) (Fl. S.E. U.S.)
  
• Ceanothus pueblensis Standl. Contributions from the United States National Herbarium 23(3): 723. 1923. (18 Jul 1923) (Contr. U.S. Natl. Herb.)
  
• Ceanothus pumilus Greene Erythea 1(7): 149. 1893. (Erythea)
  
• Ceanothus purpureus Jeps. A Flora of Western Middle California 258. 1901. (Fl. W. Calif.)
  
• Ceanothus ramulosus (Greene) McMinn Madroño 5(1): 14. 1939. (Madroño)
  
• Ceanothus reclinatus L'Hér. Sertum Anglicum 6. 1788[1789]. (Sert. Angl.)
  
• **Ceanothus reclinatus Bosc ex Steud. Nomenclator Botanicus ed. 2, 1: 313. 1840. (Nomencl. Bot.)
  
• Ceanothus regius (Jeps.) McMinn Ceanothus 268. 1942. (Ceanothus)
  
• Ceanothus × regius (Jeps.) McMinn Ceanothus 268. 1942. (Ceanothus)
  
• Ceanothus rigidus Nutt. A Flora of North America: containing . . . 1(2): 268. 1838. (Fl. N. Amer.)
  
• Ceanothus roderickii W. Knight Four Seasons 2(4): 23–24. 1968. (Four Seasons)
  
• Ceanothus × rugosus Greene Flora Franciscana 88. 1891. (Fl. Francisc.)
  
• Ceanothus sanguineus Pursh Flora Americae Septentrionalis; or, . . . 1: 167. 1814[1813]. (Fl. Amer. Sept.)
  
• Ceanothus sanguineus Nutt. The Genera of North American Plants 1: 153. 1818. (Gen. N. Amer. Pl.)
  
• Ceanothus sect. Scutia Comm. ex DC. Prodromus Systematis Naturalis Regni Vegetabilis 2: 29. 1825. (Prodr.)
  
• Ceanothus serpyllifolius Nutt. The Genera of North American Plants 1: 154. 1818. (Gen. N. Amer. Pl.)
  
• Ceanothus serrulatus McMinn Madroño 2(11): 89. 1933. (Madroño)
  
• Ceanothus × serrulatus McMinn Madroño 2: 89. 1933. (Madroño)
  
• Ceanothus sonomensis J.T. Howell Leaflets of Western Botany 2(9): 162–164. 1939. (Leafl. W. Bot.)
  
• Ceanothus sorediatus Hook. & Arn. The Botany of Captain Beechey's Voyage 328. 1841[1838]. (Dec 1838) (Bot. Beechey Voy.)
  
• Ceanothus sorediatus Lyon Botanical Gazette 11: 204. 1886. (Bot. Gaz.)
  
• Ceanothus spatulatus Labill. Novae Hollandiae Plantarum Specimen 1: 60, t. 84. 1805. (Nov. Holl. Pl.)
  
• Ceanothus spinosus Nutt. A Flora of North America: containing . . . 1(2): 267. 1838. (Fl. N. Amer.)
  
• Ceanothus spinosus Torr. & A. Gray
• Ceanothus submontanus Rose Contributions from the United States National Herbarium 12(7): 284. 1909. (12 Apr 1909) (Contr. U.S. Natl. Herb.)
  
• Ceanothus subsericeus Rydb. Bulletin of the Torrey Botanical Club 31(10): 564. 1904. (Bull. Torrey Bot. Club)
  
• Ceanothus tardiflorus Hornem. Hortus Regius Botanicus Hafniensis 1: 230. 1813. (Hort. Bot. Hafn.)
  
• Ceanothus thyrsiflorus Eschsch. Mémoires de l'Académie Imperiale des Sciences de St. Pétersbourg. Avec l'Histoire de l'Académie 10(2): 285. 1826. (Mém. Acad. Imp. Sci. St. Pétersbourg Hist. Acad.)
  
• Ceanothus tomentosus Parry Proceedings of the Davenport Academy of Natural Sciences 5(2): 190. 1889. (Proc. Davenport Acad. Nat. Sci.)
  
• Ceanothus triflorus Steud. Nomenclator Botanicus ed. 2, 1: 313. 1840. (Nomencl. Bot.)
  
• Ceanothus trinervus Moench Methodus Plantas Horti Botanici et Agri Marburgensis : a staminum situ describendi 651. 1794. (Methodus)
  
• Ceanothus triquetrus Wall. Flora Indica; or descriptions of Indian Plants 2: 376. 1824. (Fl. Ind., ed. 1820)
  
• Ceanothus utahensis Eastw. Proceedings of the California Academy of Sciences, Series 4, 16(11): 363. 1927. (Proc. Calif. Acad. Sci., ser. 4,)
  
• Ceanothus vanrensselaeri Roof
• Ceanothus × vanrensselaeri Roof Four Seasons 2(3): 17–18, f. s.n. [p. 17]. 1967. (Four Seasons)
  
• Ceanothus × veitchianus Hook. Botanical Magazine 85: t. 5127. (Bot. Mag.)
  
• Ceanothus velutinus Douglas Flora Boreali-Americana 1(3): 125, pl. 45. 1831. (Fl. Bor.-Amer.)
  
• Ceanothus verrucosus Nutt. A Flora of North America: containing . . . 1(2): 267–268. 1838. (Fl. N. Amer.)
  
• Ceanothus vestitus Greene Pittonia 2(8C): 101. 1890. (Pittonia)
  
• Ceanothus virgatus Raf. New Flora and Botany of North America . . . 3: 56. 1838. (New Fl.)
  

• North America
  • United States : USDA, NRCS. 2007. The PLANTS Database (http://plants.usda.gov). National Plant Data Center, Baton Rouge.